高放废物处置技术种类及发展趋势调研.docVIP

高放废物处置技术种类 及其发展趋势调研 作者姓名：蒋 伟 专业名称：核工程与核技术 指导老师：张俊奎 老师 成都理工大学工程技术学院 二0一一年五月摘要 目前，中低放废物的处置技术已日趋成熟；然而，高放废物的处置技术刚刚起步，仍处于研发阶段。因此，一些国际组织对高放废物的处置投入了大量的资金和技术。可以说，高放废物的安全处置关系着今后核能的继续发展。 对于高放废物的处置已经提出了多种设想，例如深地层处置、极地冰层处置、宇宙处置、海床深层处置、嬗变处置等等。在这些设想中，深地层处置是目前现实可行的办法，我国高放废物地质处置技术也取得相当大的发展；对于分离—嬗变技术，国际上仍处于紧张的研究阶段；其它处置技术由于某些原因只能成为一种设想或尚待评价。 这篇论文将主要介绍高放废物处置的国际、国内背景；高放废物来源；高放废物地质处置方案及其影响因素；高放废物分离—嬗变技术；高放废物处置技术的现状和发展趋势几个方面。 关键词：高放废物 处置技术 发展趋势 Abstract At present, the disposal technology of low radioactive waste has become increasingly mature; However, high level radioactive waste disposal technology just start, is still in development stage. Therefore, some international organizations had spent a lot of money and technology on the disposal of high level radioactive waste. We can say that the safety disposal of high level radioactive waste relationship with the continued development of the future nuclear power. For high level radioactive waste disposal have put forward many ideas, such as deep strata disposal, polar ice disposal, the universe disposal, seabed deep disposal, evolution disposal etc. In these assumptions, deep strata disposal is currently realistic way, Chinas high level radioactive waste disposal technology has also made the geological considerable development; For separation - evolution technology, is still in the tension on the international stage of study; Other disposal technology for some reason is only a kind of idea or pending assessment. This paper will mainly introduces some points such as high level radioactive waste disposal in domestic and international background; The sourse of high level radioactive waste; The strata disposal scheme and influencing factors of high level radioactive waste; High level radioactive waste separation - evolution technology; High level radioactive waste disposal technology situation and development trend. Keywords：High level radioactive waste Disposal technology Development trend 目录 前言 1 第一章 绪论 2 1.1 需求分析 2 1