旋流式喷嘴横向流中雾化场实验及其数值分析.pdf

旋流式喷嘴横向流中雾化场实验及数值分析 摘 要 横向流雾化广泛应用于喷雾冷却、喷雾除尘、雾化干燥和喷雾消声 等工业领域。横向流场中雾化性能受横向流速度、喷嘴喷射角度、工作 压力等因素的影响，目前此领域多采用 CFD 数值模拟与实验相结合的研 究方法。国内外对喷嘴喷雾的实验和数值模拟已经开展了相当多的研究， 但喷嘴在横向流流场中雾化的影响因素还是一个较新的研究课题。 在查阅大量实验和数值模拟计算研究资料的基础上，本文结合项目 要求设计出合适的喷嘴并进行加工，通过实验得到不同型号喷嘴在开放 环境下的雾化场参数，作为后继横向流雾化数值模拟时喷嘴的模拟参数。 设计并搭建横向流实验台，进行横向流中喷嘴喷雾特性实验，得到横向 流速度、喷嘴喷射角度等参数对横向流雾化场的影响规律。 建立喷嘴外流场连续相和离散相的控制方程，对①喷嘴在开放环境 下和②横向流中喷雾的雾化情况进行数值模拟计算，并与实验数据进行 对比分析，验证数值模拟的可靠性，利用数值模拟结果得到因实验条件 和测量手段限制而无法获得的雾化场参数规律。 最后，本文还在数值模拟的基础上，定义雾化均匀性参数，使雾滴 空间分布均匀性能够进行量化表示，结合均匀性分析结果探讨燃烧室内 喷嘴布置优化方案。 关键词：旋流式喷嘴，横向流，均匀性，雾化场 第 I 页 EXPERIMENTS AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF SWIRL ATOMIZER IN CROSS FLOW ABSTRACT Cross flow is widely used in spray cooling, spray dust, spray drying, spray silencers and other industrial fields. The spray field in the cross flow is influenced by the cross flow velocity, atomizer spray angle and other factors. Currently the researchers use CFD along with experimental to study the spray filed. Both at home and abroad, many researches have been carried out to study the spray field, but the influencing factor of atomizer in cross flow is still a relatively new research topic. Based on a large number of research papers, a series of atomizers were designed and machined. The spray field parameters were studied by experiments to prepare for the following research about atomizers in cross flow. A cross flow test stand was designed and built. The effects of cross parameters, such as flow velocity, atomizer spray angle, on spray field were studied. The physical and mathematic models of outflow field were built. The simu