全氢罩式炉退火过程模拟仿真的研究.pdf

摘 要 自70 年代由奥地利EBNER 公司开发并应用于钢铁行业以来，全氢罩式退火炉（以 下简称全氢炉）已成为冷轧板卷退火工艺的关键设备。它采用氢气代替原来的氮氢混 合气体作为炉内保护气氛，实际运行表明，其生产效率比传统的罩式炉提高40%-60% ， 带钢退火质量也大大提高。全氢炉炉内退火热过程复杂，炉内传热是制约退火质量和 产量的关键因素。对全氢炉炉内热过程的研究，有利于对进口设备、技术的消化、吸 收，同时也是我国自行设计、开发生产设备和优化生产工艺运行的基础。 本文分析了全氢炉退火过程各阶段的基本传热形式，并结合生产实践，建立了以 钢卷温度场为核心的退火过程模型化体系，全面模拟了全氢炉退火中加热、保温、冷 却等热过程。通过数值模拟，得到钢卷退火过程钢卷、氢气、内罩等与钢卷退火质量 密切相关的温度变化曲线，并以此为基础，制定钢卷退火工艺制度。 以全氢炉退火过程模型化体系为核心，开发了全氢炉退火过程离线预测平台，该 平台可以根据生产堆垛中钢卷重量、外径、厚度、高度等参数以及堆垛方式，通过模 拟仿真计算，制定退火工艺制定。与EBNER 公司罩式炉退火计算模型进行的对比结 果表明，离线预测平台模拟计算结果与引进的先进控制技术计算结果误差在±5%之 内，该误差在工业生产接受范围之内，证明了本文所搭建的全氢炉退火过程模型化体 系在工业应用上的可靠性和实用性。 关键词：全氢炉 冷轧钢卷 数学模型 退火工艺 离线预测平台 I Abstract Full-hydrogen annealing furnace has been playing a more and more crucial role in annealing of cold rolling steel coil since 1970s, when it was invented by the EBNER Company in Austria and used in the production of steel for the first time. Full-hydrogen annealing furnace uses hydrogen as safety atmosphere. Compared with the traditional mixed hydrogen annealing furnace, its productivity increased from 40% to 60%, and the quality of steel products is also greatly improved. Because of the complex annealing process of the full-hydrogen annealing furnace, the heat transfer of annealing has been a key fact to the quality and quantity of the products. Therefore, the research on the process of the inner heat transfer of the full-hydrogen annealing furnace is propitious to the assimilation of those import equipments and techniques. And it is also the basis for us to design, develop and optimize the manufacture course. Heat transfer in different thermal processes, such as heating, heat preservation and cooling, is spec