Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)社区获得性肺炎.pptVIP

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Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)社区获得性肺炎.ppt

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Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)社区获得性肺炎.ppt

Antimicrobial Therapies for CAP Agent Dosage Cost per course (generic) Common adverse reactions Cefotaxime (Claforan) Cefpodoxime (Vantin) Cefprozil (Cefzil) Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) Cefuroxime (Ceftin) 1 g IV every six to eight hours 200 mg orally twice per day 500 mg orally twice per day 1 g IV every 24 hours 500 mg orally twice per day 0.75 to 1.5 g IV every eight hours $355 (330) 124 (110) 192 392 219 oral 250 to 358 IV Mild diarrhea Rash Clindamycin (Cleocin) 300 mg orally every six hours 600 mg IV every eight hours 238 (148 to 168) oral 250 IV Mild diarrhea Abdominal pain Pseudomembranous colitis Rash Gatifloxacin (Tequin) Levofloxacin (Levaquin) Moxifloxacin (Avelox) 400 mg orally or IV once per day 500 mg orally or IV once per day 400 mg orally once per day 98 oral, 382 IV 56 oral, 438 IV 107 Mild diarrhea Nausea Vomiting Constipation Dizziness Headache Azithromycin (Zithromax) Clarithromycin (Biaxin) Erythromycin 500 mg orally for one dose, then250 mg once per day for four doses 500 mg IV every 24 hours 500 mg orally twice per day 500 mg orally every six hours 500 to 1,000 mg IV every six hours 49 to 60 oral 295 IV 96 17 (8 to 10) oral (167) IV Mild diarrhea Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Rash Amoxicillin Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin) Penicillin G Penicillin V 500 mg orally every eight hours 875 mg orally every 12 hours 875 mg/125mg orally every 12 hours 1 to 3 mU IV every four hours 500 mg orally four times per day 4 (4 to 8) 20 (18 to 19) 166 (110 to 115) (273) 15 (9 to 15) Mild diarrhea Nausea Vomiting Rash Doxycycline (Vibramycin) 100 mg orally twice per day 102 (16 to 21) Mild diarrhea Nausea Vomiting Phototoxicity Prevention More people die from pneumococcal infections (an estimated 40,000 annually in the United States) than from any other vaccine preventable disease PPV23 is recommended for all adults ≥65 years of age and in younger patients with a number of conditions that increase the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease Adults who have