Gene8-01 Genes are DNA.pptVIP

Part 1 Chapter 1 1.6?DNA is a double helix Figure?1.10?? The two strands of DNA form a double helix. Figure?1.11?? Base pairing provides the mechanism for replicating DNA. Figure?1.12?? Replication of DNA is semi-conservative. Figure?1.19?? A base pair is mutated at a rate of 10-9 - 10-10 per generation, a gene of 1000 bp is mutated at ~10-6 per generation, and a bacterial genome is mutated at 3 × 10-3 per generation. 本章课后复习题 证明DNA是遗传物质的两个关键性实验是：肺炎球菌在老鼠体内的毒性和T2噬菌体感染大肠杆菌。这两个实验中主要的论点和证据是什么？ 基因进化的分子基础 Figure?1.32?? Recombination involves pairing between complementary strands of the two parental duplex DNAs 1.21?The genetic code is triplet ? The genetic code is the correspondence between triplets in DNA (or RNA) and amino acids in protein. A codon is a triplet of nucleotides that represents an amino acid or a termination signal. Frameshift mutations arise by deletions or insertions that are not a multiple of 3 base pairs and change the frame in which triplets are translated into protein. The term is inappropriate outside of coding sequences. Acridines（吖啶 ）are mutagens that act on DNA to cause the insertion or deletion of a single base pair. They were useful in defining the triplet nature of the genetic code. 1.21?The genetic code is triplet ? A suppressor is a second mutation that compensates for or alters the effects of a primary mutation. A frameshift suppressor is an insertion or deletion of a base that restores the original reading frame in a gene that has had a base deletion or insertion. The genetic code is read in triplet nucleotides called codons. The triplets are nonoverlapping and are read from a fixed starting point. Mutations that insert or delete individual bases cause a shift in the triplet sets after the site of mutation. Combinations of mutations that together insert or delete 3 bases (or multiples of three) insert or delete amino acids but do not change the reading of the triplets beyond the last site of mutation. Figure?1.33?? Fram