复杂性科学及其方法论的研究和应用.docVIP

自然辩证法论文 论文题目： 复杂性科学及方法论研究与应用 学 院： 研究生学院 班 级： 硕研2012-10班 姓 名： 赵明磊 学 号： 2012021042 专 业： 软件工程  摘要 复杂性科学是研究复杂系统行为与性质的科学，它的研究重点是探索宏观领域的复杂性及其演化问题。它涉及数学、物理学、化学、生物学、计算机科学、经济学、社会学、历史学、政治学、文化学、人类学和管理科学等众多学科。之所以被称为复杂性科学，有很多种理由，其中之一是由于它具有统一的方法论——整体论或非还原论。因此复杂性科学被称为整体论科学或非还原论科学，也有人把它看作是与简单性科学相对立的科学。复杂性科学诞生的标志是一般系统论的创立。复杂性科学是指以复杂性系统为研究对象，以超越还原论为方法论特征，以揭示和解释复杂系统运行规律为主要任务，以提高人们认识世界、探究世界和改造世界的能力为主要目的的一种“学科互涉”的新兴科学研究形态。 Abstract Complexity science is the study of complex system behavior and the nature of science, it emphases of the research is to explore the complexity of macroscopic field and its evolution problem. It involves mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, economics, sociology, history, politics, culture, anthropology and management science, and many other subjects. It is called a complexity science, there are many reasons, one of which is because it has a unified methodology -- the theory of the whole or the reductionism. So the complexity science is called the theory of the whole science or non reductionism science, also some people see it as and simplicity science relative made scientific. The birth of complexity science sign is the establishment of the general system theory. Complexity science refers to complexity system as the research object, to transcend the reductionism for methodology characteristics, in order to reveal and explain complex system operation rule as the main task, in order to improve people know the world, explore the world and change the world for the main purpose of the ability of a kind of subject mutual reference emerging scientific research form. Key word: complexity science, complexity, complex system, methodology, complexity system, science , Simplicity science, holism, Non reductionism 前言 兴起于20世纪80年代的复杂性科学(complexity sciences)，是系统科学发展的新阶段，也是当代科学发展的前沿领域之一。复杂性科学的发展，不仅引发了自然科学界的变革，而且也日益渗