浅谈建筑工程施工质量通病发生的原因及预防措施.docVIP

浅谈建筑工程施工质量通病发生的原因及预防措施 摘 要 建筑工程质量的优劣关系到国家昌盛、民族振兴、人民幸福、社会安定,关系到国民经济的健康发展,工程质量,人命关天,质量责任,重于泰山。因此建设工程质量越来越成为人们关注的热点。随着改革开放的深入发展,我国建筑工程质量总体水平有了较大提高,目前的工程质量控制工作己作出一定成绩,涌现出以鲁班奖为代表的一批优秀工程。但建筑工程质量低劣的数量所占的比例以及施工过程中所存在的质量问题仍然是当前所不容忽视的。近年来,基础设施建设、工业与民用建筑的质量事故形式是严峻的,建筑施工重大事故有上升趋势,2001年四级以上重大伤亡事故1004起,死亡1045人。其中三级(一次死亡3人)以上事故30起,死亡149人,与2000年相比,死亡人数上升了23.1%4。面对建设工程质量严峻形势,进行工程质量控制愈加显得重要。施工阶段工程项目质量控制是建设项目的核心,是决定工程建设成败的关键,没有质量就没有投资效益、没有工程进度、没有社会信誉,因此,工程建设质量控制是实现三大控制目标的(质量、投资、进度)重点。施工阶段质量控制是工程项目全过程质量控制的关键环节,工程质量很大程度取决于施工质量。本文重点探索国有大中型建筑企业的质量控制体系、控制过程、控制内容、方法和手段:着眼于材料和人、施工方案、工序质量控制,工程质量预控,坚持“质量第一”的原则,贯彻以“预防为主”的方针;阐明施工工艺原理,技术法规、质量标准和保证质量、安全的对策、措施;利用数理方法进行质量分析和动态控制;建立质量保证体系;强调质量控制应“以人为本”,要以人的工作质量西保工序质量,促工程质量。 Abstracts Quality of construction engineering quality is related to national prosperity and rejuvenation, peoples happiness, social stability, and relates to the healthy development of national economy, the engineering quality, human life, the quality responsibility, heavier than mount tai. So the construction engineering quality increasingly becoming the concerned focus by people. With the further development of reform and opening up, the overall level of Chinas construction engineering quality has improved greatly, the engineering quality control work has made certain achievements, represented by emerge a batch of excellent project. But the poor quality of the construction engineering the proportion of the number of quality problems still existing in the process of the construction and is currently nots allow to ignore. In recent years, the infrastructure construction, industrial and civil construction quality accident form is serious, the construction of major accidents have a rising trend, mass casualty 1004, more than four in 2001 killed 1045 people. Level 3 (a dying 3 people) more than 30 accident, killed 149 people, compared with 2000, the death toll rose by 23.1% in 4. Facing the severe situation for construction project quality, project quality control more and mo