病理修复精品.pptVIP

修复(repair) 机体对损伤所形成缺损进行修补恢复的过程。 Repair is a response to tissue injury and the process to restore integrity to an injured tissue by the organism. 修复形式(Types of repair) 1.再生(regeneration) 同种组织完全再生 Repair by same tissue 2.纤维性修复(fibrous repair) 纤维结缔组织修复 Replacement by fibrous tissue 再生的条件(Conditions) ① The ability of regeneration of parenchymal tissue is strong. ② Damage area is small and the stromal framework of the injured tissue is preservative well. Complete regeneration Incomplete regeneration 一、再生的种类 ( Types of Regeneration ) 生理性　 Physiological Regeneration 病理性　 Pathological Regeneration 二、再生潜能 　 (Regenerative potentials of tissues) 低等动物 高等动物(higher animal) 幼稚组织成熟组织(differentiation) 易受损伤和常更新组织(turnover) 动物的种类和组织分化能力(species) 生物进化(organic evolution) 　细胞再生能力分类(Types) 1.不稳定细胞(labile cells) 　持续分裂细胞 　　再生能力强 　　表皮,粘膜上皮,间皮, 　　　　淋巴及造血细胞 Continuously dividing and dying Covering epithelia Hematopoietic cells(the bone marrow cells and the lymphoid cells) 2.稳定细胞(stable cells) 静止细胞 　　再生能力较强 　　肝,胰,肾,腺体,平滑肌, 　　原始间叶细胞及其分化 　　细胞(纤维母,软骨,骨母) Quiescent but can rapidly divide in response to injury Parenchymal of solid glandular tissues: liver, kidney, pancreas, glands Endothelial cells Connective tissue (fibroblast, osteoblasts) Smooth muscle 3.永久性细胞(permanent cells) 非分裂细胞 　微弱或无再生能力; 　神经元（节）、骨骼及 　心肌细胞 Be terminally differentiated and nonproliferative after the growth early in life Nerve cells(neuron), striated and cardiac muscle cells 三、再生过程(Regeneration of various tissues) （一）上皮组织（ epithelia tissue） 1．被覆上皮 (covering epithelia) 基底细胞分裂增生 Regeneration of various tissues (二) 血管(blood vessel) 小血管及毛细血管 内皮出芽(sprout) 　　　　　　　--实性条索 血流冲击 　　　　　　　--形成管腔(canalization) 大血管 内皮(endothelial cells )--完全再生 肌层(smooth muscle ) --纤维修复 　　 Regeneration of various tissues (三)纤维结缔组织 (Fibrous connective tissue) 未分化间叶细胞 　　　(primitive cells) 纤维母细胞(fibroblast) 分泌原胶原蛋白 　(secretion of tropocollagen) 胶原纤维(collagen) 纤维细胞(fibrocyte) Regenerati