汽油机缸内低压喷技术研究与开发.pdfVIP

汽油机缸内低压直喷技术研究与开发 莫明立 摘要：汽油缸内直喷技术是当今汽油机发展的前沿技术之一。近年来汽车工业的 飞速发展促进了世界经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的极大提高，但随着汽车数 量的飞速增长，石油资源被过度消耗，世界各国面临着严重的石油短缺问题。它 通过在不同的工况下实现不同的可燃混合气制备，实现了中小负荷的超稀薄分层 燃烧和大负荷的均质燃烧，从而提高了发动机的动力性、经济性，并大大降低了 其有害气体的排放。目前世界上很多国家都开发出了成熟的缸内直喷汽油机产品， 而我国在这方面的研究还处于起步阶段。面对日益严峻的能源危机和环保问题， 快对汽油缸内直喷技术的研究与开发是非常必要的。本课题与目前国内外的GDI 不同，主要探索了在低压缸内喷射条件下实现均质预混燃烧的技术路线与方法。 首先对汽油缸内直喷技术的基本原理和控制策略进行了详细分析，研究了其燃油 喷射系统、油气混合理论以及排放特性和排气后处理等关键技术。然后在理论分 析研究的基础上，将一台单缸摩托车发动机初步改装成了缸内直喷汽油机实验样 机。通过分析和设计了燃油加热装置加热燃油以提高其蒸发雾化速度，弥补了喷 油器压力较低的缺点；同时还设计了喷油正时控制电路对喷油时刻进行控制，通 过选择合适的喷油提前角，可使之满足缸内直喷汽油机的工作要求。 关键词：缸内直喷，汽油机，分层燃烧，均值燃烧，燃油喷射 2 The research and empolder of the gasoline direct injection technologies Mo Mingli Abstractor: The gasoline direct injection (GDI) is one of the advanced technologies in emboldening the gasoline engine nowadays. It can realize the super lean burning at low load and homogeneous burning at high load through organizing different mixture formations according to the loads and speeds. As a result, it acquires better power, fuel economy and remarkably decreases the exhaust emissions. Nowadays many countries in the world have developed commercial GDI product, but this kind of research in China is just beginning. Under the increasing petroleum shortage and environment problems, it is necessary to expedite the study and exploitation of GDI. The mainly differences compare to other GDI lies in the technology and ways to realize the homogeneous pre-mixture combustion under the low pressure direct injection in cylinder is discussed in the article. At first, the basic principle and control strategy of GDI are particularly analyzed in this article. And key technologies of the fuel injection system ，combustion system ，the mixing of fuel and air, exhaust emissions characteristic and post- disposal are also studied and analyzed in it. Then