数字逻辑 第3章课件.ppt

1,2,3 Enabling Function Enabling permits an input signal to pass through to an output. Disabling blocks an input signal from passing through to an output, replacing it with a fixed value. The value on the output when it is disable can be Hi-Z (as for three-state buffers and transmission gates), 0 , or 1. When disabled, 0 output When disabled, 1 output When disabled, Hi-Z output Decoding Decoding - the conversion of an n-bit input code to an m-bit output code with n≤m≤2n such that each valid code word produces a unique output code. Circuits that perform decoding are called decoders Here, functional blocks for decoding are called n-to-m line decoders, where m≤2n, and generate 2n (or fewer) minterms for the n input variables. Decoder Examples 1-to-2-Line Decoder Note that the 2-4-line made up of 2 1-to-2- line decoders and 4 AND gates. D 0 5 A 1 A 0 D 1 5 A 1 A 0 D 2 5 A 1 A 0 D 3 5 A 1 A 0 (b) A 1 A 0 A 1 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 1 0 1 D 0 1 0 0 0 D 1 0 1 0 0 D 2 0 0 1 0 D 3 0 0 0 1 (a) 2-to-4-Line Decoder Karnaugh-Map (cont.) Typical Karnaugh circles (based on T10) 0 1 01 A B 1 1 0 1 01 A B 1 1 0 1 01 A B 1 1 1 Typical circles for two-variables K-map 00 01 11 10 01 AB C 1 1 1 1 AB 00 01 11 10 01 C 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 01 AB C 00 01 11 10 Typical circles for three-variables K-map 1 0001 11 10 AB CD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Typical circles for four-variables K-map 00 01 11 10 for 5 or 6 variables K-map? Karnaugh-Map (cont.) A product term is an implicant of a function if the function has the value 1 for all minterms of the product term. (a circle) A Prime Implicant is a product term obtained by combining the maximum possible number of adjacent squares in the map into a rectangle with the number of squares a power of 2. (a max circle) A prime implicant is called an Essential Prime Implicant if it is the only prime implicant that covers (includes) one or more minterms. (a