地质聚合物基多孔材料精要.docVIP

安徽建筑大学 毕 业 论 文 专 业 无机非金属材料工程 班 级 09无机非1班 学生姓名 胡柯华 学 号 09206010101 课 题 地质聚合物基多孔材料的研究 指导教师 王爱国 2013年6月10日 摘 要 本论文通过高温煅烧煤系高岭土制得偏高岭土为主要原料，改性水玻璃为碱激发剂制备地质聚合物。实验先通过响应曲面法对实验因素高岭土煅烧温度、水玻璃模数和掺量进行优化设计，从而探讨了基体强度最优的条件参数。然后，实验在最优基体的条件参数上，研究了发泡剂种类、掺量和细度对多孔材料强度和孔隙率的影响。研究表明：（1）煤系高岭土经850℃下煅烧—保温2h，所得到的偏高岭土经模数为1.2，掺量为21%的改性水玻璃激发，标准条件养护制备出的地质聚合物强度最优；（2）铝粉发泡制备多孔材料，随着铝粉掺量的增加多孔材料的强度降低，孔隙率增大；同掺量下，细铝粉发泡的孔隙率高于粗铝粉发泡的，而强度恰好相反；（3）H2O2发泡制备的多孔材料的强度优于铝粉发泡的，但孔隙率非常低，且孔结构分布不均匀，可见H2O2作发泡剂效果不理想。 关键词：地质聚合物；偏高岭土；碱激发剂；多孔材料；发泡剂 Abstract The papers use the metakaolin that coal- kaolin calcined through the high temperature as the main raw material, the modified sodium silicate as alkali excitation agent to make geopolymeric. First the experiment through the response surface method to the experiment factors of the calcining temperature of kaolin, modulus and dosage of sodium silicate optimize design, and discusses the matrix strength optimal conditions parameters. Then, the experiment studied the types, dosage and fineness of the foaming agent influencing on strength and porosity of the porous materials under the condition parameters of the optimal matrix. The results show: (1) The geopolymeric with optimal strength can be prepared as the coal-kaolin is calcined at 850℃ and holds about 2h, and then the metakaolin is activated by sodium silicate whose modulus and dosage are 1.2 and 21%, respectively, and cured under the standard conditions. (2) Aluminum powder foaming preparation of porous materials, with the increase of dosage of aluminum powder the porous material porosity increase, strength reduce; Under the same dosage, its pore rate that fine aluminum powder foam is higher than that of coarse aluminum powder foam, and strength, to the contrary; (3) The strength of the porous materials that are foamed by H2O2 is better than that of aluminum powder foamed, but the porosity is very low, and