基于高丰度15N华北平原冬小麦肥料氮的去向研究.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2012,45(15):3093-3099 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.15.010 15 基于高丰度 N华北平原冬小麦肥料氮的去向研究 左红娟，白由路，卢艳丽，王 磊，王 贺，王志勇 （中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京 100081 ） 摘要：【目的】在氮磷钾合理供应前提下，研究华北平原冬小麦肥料氮的去向。【方法】采用微区试验的方法， 供给小麦高丰度的 15N，在小麦收获时，测定 15N 的去向。【结果】冬小麦吸收的氮素来自肥料的比例为 26.6%— 33.6%，对土壤氮的依赖程度在66%以上。肥料氮施入土壤后，小麦当季利用率为22.1%—32.4%，当季肥料氮的土 壤残留率约占施氮量的 29.6%—56.3%，其中 60.3%—76.5%集中在 0—40 cm 土层，在土壤剖面中的残留率随土层 深度增加而迅速降低。【结论】小麦生育期吸收的氮素 66%以上来自土壤，氮肥当季平均利用率为 28.2%，约 40% 的肥料残留在土壤中，成为土壤氮库的补充。 关键词：冬小麦；氮肥去向；15N；氮肥利用率 Fate of Fertilizer Nitrogen Applied to Winter Wheat in North China Plain Based on High Abundance of 15N ZUO Hong-juan, BAI You-lu, LU Yan-li, WANG Lei, WANG He, WANG Zhi-yong （Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 ） Abstract: 【Objective 】 The purpose of this paper was to estimate the fate of fertilizer N applied to winter wheat under optimum nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) rates in north China plain. 【Method 】 A field micro-plot experiment was adopted and high abundance of 15 15 N was applied to wheat in this study. After harvest of wheat, the fate of N was measured. 【Result 】 The result showed that about 26.6%-33.6% of the N taken up by winter wheat was derived from the applied fertilizer N, and 66.4%-73.4% of that was derived from the soil. The plant recoveries of N were in the range of 22.11%-32.36%, and soil residual N from applied N fertilizer were ranged in 29.6%-56.3%, of which 60.3%-76.5% centralized in 0-40 cm soil la