西北沙地深沟栽葡萄抗旱抗寒机理研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 实验采用深沟栽植和平栽对照两种方式，以 ‘京亚’、‘红地球’、‘赤霞珠’和 ‘梅 鹿辄’葡萄为实验材料，测定葡萄在干旱处理下两种不同栽植方式的光合作用和生理 指标；同时研究深沟栽植葡萄越冬覆膜方式对根际土壤温度的影响。实验结果如下： （1）随着干旱胁迫的加深，深沟栽植葡萄根际土壤能够保持较高含水量，而平栽 对照方式则迅速下降，深沟栽植保水能力明显高于平栽对照。 （2 ）干旱处理条件下，两种栽植方式的葡萄光合指标有明显差异，深沟栽植葡萄 能够保持较高的光合速率；而平栽对照方式光合速率明显降低。 （3 ）随着干旱胁迫的进行，两种栽植方式葡萄叶片的叶片含水量、叶绿素含量、 丙二醛含量和细胞膜透性均不相同，深沟栽植方式有利于维持植株生理指标正常。 （4 ）在水分充足，其他条件均相同的条件下比较两种栽植方式的光合日变化的规 律，看出深沟栽植在一定程度上能有效控制温度过高，提高空气湿度，从而缓解了光 合午休现象，对植物进行正常的光合作用有利。 （5 ）采用深沟栽植双膜覆盖方式防寒越冬，满足了葡萄根系越冬所需的温度，实 验测得温度均在-5℃以上。深沟栽植积温也远远大于外界积温，对葡萄提前萌芽有利。 关键词：深沟；葡萄；抗旱；抗寒；光合作用 Study on Drought and Cold Resistance Mechanism of Grape Planted in Deep Groove on Northwest Sandy Land Abstract To determine the photosynthesis and physiological indicators of grapes under drought stress, the experiment was conducted in two ways of deep groove planting and flat planting using grape cultivars „Jingya‟, „Red Globe‟, „Cabernet Sauvignon‟ and „Merlot ‟ as experimental materials. Meanwhile, the effect of overwinter production systems on rhizosphere soil temperature was also studied. The results were as follows: (1) With the deepening of drought stress, the rhizosphere of grape at deep groove planting can maintain a high water content . The soil water content of flat planting declined rapidly. The water retention capacity of deep groove planting was significantly higher than the flat planting. (2) The photosynthetic indicators of grapes were significantly different at different production systems under drought stress. The deep groove planting was able to maintain a high photosynthetic rate, while the photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced at flat planting. (3) With the drought stress, the physiological indicators, water content, chlorophyll content, malond