《磁钢退磁问题》.pdf

Permanent magnets - Advanced concepts Magnetization in MagNet A demagnetization curve for a typical permanent magnet is shown below. Demagnetization curve of a typical permanent magnet. The demagnetization curve can be modeled by a single-valued, though nonlinear, B versus H function. In fact a material with such a curve can be replaced by a material with the same curve passing through the origin, plus some additional surface currents flowing on the surface of the magnet, and proportional to the coercivity, Hc . This is the approach taken in MagNet. The shifted curve looks like this: MagNet approach to permanent magnet modeling. Such an approach works well in the first and second quadrants. This is usually all that is required for problems involving permanent magnets, because the third quadrant is beyond the knee of the demagnetization curve and represents what happens to the magnet when a sufficiently strong external field has been applied that it becomes permanently demagnetized. Most systems involving permanent magnets are designed never to reach this point. (In fact, if this is the case, there is little point in modeling the knee. A simple linear curve all the way to the origin suffices. If subsequent analysis predicts field values corresponding to the knee region, the model can be refined, or the design changed.) If there is interest in driving the permanent magnet into the third quadrant, it should be noted that MagNet does not handle this region properly unless the material is linear (or else always operated in a linear portion of its nonlinear B-H characteristic). The reason is that MagNet requires from the user aB-H curve only for the first quadrant, and assumes the third quadrant curve is simply a mirror image: In MagNet, the 3rd quadrant of the BH plane is a mirror image of the 1st . Consequently, in any MagNet analysis involving nonlinear permanent magnets, if