基于FPGA的数字频率计设计要点.docVIP

本科学生毕业论文 论文题目： 基于FPGA的数字频率计设计 学 院： 电子工程学院 年 级： 2010 专 业： 集成电路设计与集成系统 姓 名： 周景超 学 号： 指导教师： 林连冬 2014年 5 月 11 日 摘要 EDA技术的发展，改变了传统的电子设计方法。FPGA等大规模可编程逻辑器件的广泛应用，使电子设计变得和软件编程一样方便快捷。电子设计技术的进步，也改变了传统频率计的设计方法。 常用的频率测量方法既有模拟的利用电路频率特性测量频率的方法，又有利用脉冲计数测量频率的数字方法。随着数字电路技术的发展，以脉冲计数法为基础衍生出各种改进型的数字测频方法，在测量精度、测量响应的快速性等方面都有了很大提高。 本文分析了直接测频法和周期测频法的测量原理，说明了这两种测频方法产生±1 个计数误差的原因。多周期同步测频法由于实现了测频的闸门信号与被测脉冲信号的同步，消除了被测信号的±1个计数误差。文中对多周期同步测频原理进行了深入分析，并通过计算这三种测频方法的测量误差，说明了这三种测频方法的优缺点和适用的测频场合。由于多周期同步测频法的测量精度和被测信号的频率无关，是一种等精度测量方法，适用于宽范围的频率测量，所以本文采用多周期同步测频法来进行频率计的设计，给出了设计总体方案。最终设计了一种基于FPGA技术的数字频率计，应用VHDL硬件开发语言，在QuartusII集成开发环境进行了仿真实现。 关键词 数字频率计；直接测频法；FPGA；硬件开发语言 Abstract Development of EDA technology has changed the traditional method of electrical design. Extensive application of programmable logic devices such as FPGA has made the electrical design as convenient as software programming. The progress of electrical design technology also changed the traditional design method of frequency meter. The common measurement method of frequency is to utilize the frequency characteristics of the circuit to measure frequency, and also to adopt numerical method of utilizing pulse counting to measure frequency. With the development of digital circuit technology, a variety of improved frequency measurement methods are produced based on pulse counting method. This paper analyzes the direct frequency measurement method and the measuring principle of periodic frequency measurement method, which shows the reasons why these two methods produce error of ± 1 counts. Multi-period synchronous frequency measurement method realized the synchronization of gate signal of frequency measurement and the measured pulse signal, eliminating the measured signal error of ± 1 counts. The paper analyzes the multi-period synchronous frequency measurement principle in depth and indicates the advantages and disadvantages of these three measurement methods and suitable measuring occasions by calcula