induced-charge electro-osmosis - mit mathematics.pptVIP

Induced-Charge Electro-osmosis Martin Z. Bazant Mathematics, MIT Supported by the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies AC Electro-osmosis Induced-Charge Electro-osmosis Nonlinear Electrokinetic Phenomena ICEO in Microfluidics Fixed-Potential ICEO Pumping by Broken Symmetry More ICEO in Microfluidics Non-uniform Applied Fields Mathematical Theory of ICEO 1. Weakly Nonlinear Dynamics Weakly Nonlinear ICEO Flow Strongly Nonlinear ICEO/NESP Induced-Charge Electro-osmosis Nonlinear electro-osmosis at a polarizable surface Sensitive to size, shape, voltage, time-dependence,… Builds on ACEO, Russian colloid literature, etc. Open theoretical questions “Strongly nonlinear” ICEO with large induced zeta Effect of Faradaic reactions (e.g. Butler-Volmer) Why theory over-predicts experimental velocities Optimization of geometry forcing for mixing pumping Experiments microfluidic applications See talk by Jeremy Levitan at 2:20pm… Example: Dielectric-coated metal cylinder at fixed potential in a suddenly applied DC field Experiments Induced-Charge Electro-osmosis Nonlinear electro-osmosis at a polarizable surface Sensitive to size, shape, voltage, time-dependence,… Unifies extends ACEO, Russian colloid literature, ... Open theoretical questions “Strongly nonlinear” ICEO with large induced zeta Effect of Faradaic reactions (e.g. Butler-Volmer) Why theory under-predicts experimental velocities Optimization of geometry forcing for mixing pumping Experiments microfluidic applications underway * Jeremy Levitan Todd Thorsen Mechanical Engineering, MIT Martin Schmidt Electrical Engineering, MIT Todd M. Squires Applied Math, Caltech Ramos et. al (1998), Ajdari (2000) t = 0 t = t t t Steady flow for AC period = t c c c How general is this phenomenon? Need electrode arrays? Need “AC”? Sudden DC voltage Bazant Squires, Phys, Rev. Lett. 92, 0066101 (2004). Squires Bazant, J. Fluid. Mech. 509, 217 (2004). E-field, t = 0 E-field, t ? charging time Steady ICEO flow Exa