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Issues in Educational Research, 24(3), 2014 260 Does supply always come on the heels of demand? Matches and mismatches in e-learning Bhavani Sridharan Deakin University, Australia Hepu Deng RMIT University, Australia Kinshuk Athabasca University, Canada Developing sustainable e-learning requires a better understanding of the perceptions and preferences of e-learning providers and e-learners on the four crucial dimensions for e- learning success including pedagogies, technologies, learning resources and management of learning resources. There is, however, little research on evaluating whether these critical dimensions are perceived as critical by e-learning providers and e-learners. To address this issue, this study investigates the gap between e-learners’ and e-learning providers’ perceptions and preferences on these critical dimensions for e-learning effectiveness. Such an investigation paves the way for developing appropriate measures to reduce the gap between the supply and the demand for sustainable e-learning. Introduction E-learning is “instructional content or learning experiences delivered or enabled by electronic technology” (ASTD, 2001). Recently there has been a huge systemic transformation of tertiary e-learning in the global education market. One of the key precursors to this transformation is the inception of massive open online course models. Such models provide learners with infinite opportunities to learn from anywhere, at any time and, free of cost (Karunasena, Deng, Kim, 2013). As a result, the competition between higher education institutions is becoming increasingly intense worldwide. To