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MONOMIAL ORTHOGONAL POLYNOMIALS OF SEVERAL VARIABLES YUAN XU Abstract. A monomial orthogonal polynomial of several variables is of the form xα −Qα (x) for a multiindex α ∈ Nd+1 and it has the least L2 norm among 0 all polynomials of the form xα − P (x), where P and Qα are polynomials of degree less than the total degree of xα . We study monomial orthogonal poly- nomials with respect to the weight function d+1 |x |2κi on the unit sphere i=1 i Sd as well as for the related weight functions on the unit ball and on the standard simplex. The results include explicit formula, L2 norm, and explicit expansion in terms of known orthonormal basis. Furthermore, in the case of κ1 = . . . = κd+1 , an explicit basis for symmetric orthogonal polynomials is also given. 1. Introduction The purpose of this paper is to study monomial orthogonal polynomials of several variables. Let W be a weight function defined on a set Ω in Rd . Let α ∈ Nd . 0 The monomial orthogonal polynomials are of the form Rα (x) = xα − Qα (x) with Qα being a polynomial of degree less than n = |α| := α1 + . . . + αd , and it is orthogonal to all polynomials of degree less than n in L2 (W, Ω); in other words, they are orthogonal projections of xα onto the subspace of orthogonal polynomials of degree n. In the case of one variable, such a polynomial is just an orthogonal polynomial norm