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Heat Transfer from the Stagnation area of a heated Cylinder at ReD = 140 000 affected by free-stream turbulence a b J.G. Wissink , W. Rodi aSchool of Engineering and Design, Brunel University, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK, e-mail: jan.wissink@brunel.ac.uk bInstitute for Hydromechanics, KIT, Kaiserstr. 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany Abstract The effect of free-stream grid-turbulence on the flow around and heat transfer from the stagnation region of a circular cylinder was studied using Direct numerical simulations (DNS). Simulations with and without free-stream fluctuations were carried out at a Reynolds number of ReD = 140 000 (based on the inflow velocity and the cylinder diameter D), which is in the higher subcritical range. A splitter plate was introduced behind the cylinder to counteract the formation of a vortex street. To resolve the flow up to 746.5 million grid points were employed. Com- pared to the fully laminar simulation, the addition of T u = 30% grid turbulence at the inflow plane was found to lead to an increase in heat transfer at the stagnation line of the cylinder of 66%. A very good agreement was obtained with the correla- tions of Dullenkopf Mayle (J. Turbomachinery 116, 1994 J. Turbomachinery 117, 1995). Keywords: heat transfer, Free-stream turbulence, stagnation region flow 1. Introduction The temperature at which a turbine can be operated is limited by the material used for the manufacturing of the blades and the effectiveness of the blade-cooling strategy. A peak in the heat load on turbine blades is reached in the stagnation region, where - due to the strongly accelerating external flow - the boundary layer is laminar. External fluctuations, originating from the upstream row of blades, that impinge on the sta