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Heat Transfer from the Stagnation area of a heated
Cylinder at ReD = 140 000 affected by free-stream
turbulence
a b
J.G. Wissink , W. Rodi
aSchool of Engineering and Design, Brunel University, Kingston Lane,
Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK, e-mail: jan.wissink@brunel.ac.uk
bInstitute for Hydromechanics, KIT, Kaiserstr. 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
Abstract
The effect of free-stream grid-turbulence on the flow around and heat transfer from
the stagnation region of a circular cylinder was studied using Direct numerical
simulations (DNS). Simulations with and without free-stream fluctuations were
carried out at a Reynolds number of ReD = 140 000 (based on the inflow velocity
and the cylinder diameter D), which is in the higher subcritical range. A splitter
plate was introduced behind the cylinder to counteract the formation of a vortex
street. To resolve the flow up to 746.5 million grid points were employed. Com-
pared to the fully laminar simulation, the addition of T u = 30% grid turbulence at
the inflow plane was found to lead to an increase in heat transfer at the stagnation
line of the cylinder of 66%. A very good agreement was obtained with the correla-
tions of Dullenkopf Mayle (J. Turbomachinery 116, 1994 J. Turbomachinery
117, 1995).
Keywords: heat transfer, Free-stream turbulence, stagnation region flow
1. Introduction
The temperature at which a turbine can be operated is limited by the material
used for the manufacturing of the blades and the effectiveness of the blade-cooling
strategy. A peak in the heat load on turbine blades is reached in the stagnation
region, where - due to the strongly accelerating external flow - the boundary layer
is laminar. External fluctuations, originating from the upstream row of blades, that
impinge on the sta
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