I-strongQstrong Quadrature Generator.pdfVIP

ECE1352 Reading Assignment Prof.: K. Phang I-Q Quadrature Generator Student: Hongfeng Dong ID: 991166796 Nov. 11, 2001 Modern communication systems use In-Phase (I) and Quadrature (Q) signals for modulation and demodulation. This requires accurate local oscillator (LO) outputs. The rapid growing mobile communication systems provide large demands on a wide range of RF transceivers in both base stations and mobile handsets. The soon to appear on the market, there will be third-generation cellular systems Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Universal Wireless Communications (UWC-136), and Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (cdma2000), are merged in the International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 (IMT-2000) Standard [1]–[3]. It apparently will push a lot of efforts on new chip sets with significant fast chip-rate (5MHz used in W-CDMA system and cdma2000), less power consumption, and minimal size in the new-generation handsets to have high-speed data and video on the cellular phone. The recent surge in applications of radio frequency (RF) transceivers has been accompanied with aggressive design goals: low cost, low power dissipation, and small form factor [4]. These goals also apply to the design of quadrature generators. I. QUADRATURE SIGNAL GENERATION BASICS Traditionally, the I–Q outputs are generated either by using a RC-CR phase shifter together with power-consuming phase correction circuits [5], or by running the LO at twice the desired frequency (or employing a frequency doubler) and using the I–Q outputs of