Myth, Marula, and Elephant An Assessment of Voluntary Ethanol.pdfVIP

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2016-03-09 发布于山东
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Myth, Marula, and Elephant An Assessment of Voluntary Ethanol.pdf

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363 Myth, Marula, and Elephant: An Assessment of Voluntary Ethanol Intoxication of the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Following Feeding on the Fruit of the Marula Tree (Sclerocarya birrea)* Steve Morris† David Humphreys Dan Reynolds School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Introduction Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, United Kingdom Africa is intoxicating in its vistas and wildness and in its varieties Accepted 6/1/2005; Electronically Published 2/6/2006 of bottled liqueurs. First-time visitors frequently imagine rav- enous beasts behind each bush, a fancy brought on by the undiluted and visceral attraction of wild Africa and, perhaps, by an indulgence with the liqueurs. Commercial brewing and ABSTRACT distilling are important industries in South Africa, and among Africa can stir wild and fanciful notions in the casual visitor; the more popular liqueurs is Amarula, made from the fruit of one of these is the tale of inebriated wild elephants. The sug- the marula tree, whose bottle is adorned with marula fruit and gestion that the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) becomes a rampant bull elephant. (The producers of Amarula [Distell intoxicated from eating the fruit of the marula tree (Sclerocar