应用电子技术教育专业毕业论文--模糊控制电机软启动系统设计.docVIP

摘 要 针对异步电动机起动性能差、保护简单等缺点，介绍了以AT89C52单片机和晶闸管为核心的一种交流电机软启动器的硬件组成和软件程序设计。通过对电动机启动过程中的晶闸管调压调速, 根据启动电流变化，实时调整模糊控制策略，可以设置不同的启动时间和启动转矩，自动调节电动机启动电流。同时本设计还可以实现断电数据存储，微机测控系统在突然断电时，使现场数据不遭到破坏；移相触发电路通过从外部输入一个0～1O V的交流控制信号，即可以改变晶闸管触发角，控制晶闸管双向调压电路的输出电压；键盘控制和LED显示实现人机对话、参数设定、口令输入；MAX791监控电路,当系统突然强烈地受到干扰使系统“死机”时,看门狗电路能保证系统可靠工作。详细介绍了系统组成、控制原理、硬件电路和软件框图。仿真结果表明，该软启动控制系统具有启动平稳、电流超调量小的优点，解决了电机启动时电流冲击问题，减少了应力冲击，延长了电机使用寿命。 关键词：交流电动机，软启动，模糊控制，单片机 Abstract：In view of the asynchronous motor starting energy balance, the protection is simple and so on the shortcoming, introduced take the AT89C52 monolithic integrated circuit and the crystal thyratron as the core one kind of alternating current machine soft starter hardware composition and the software programming. Through starts in the process to the electric motor the crystal thyratron ; accent to press the velocity modulation, according to the starting current change, the real-time adjustment fuzzy control strategy, may establish the different starting time and the start torque, automatic control electric motor starting current. Simultaneously this design also may realize the power failure data storage, the microcomputer observation and control system when the sudden power failure, causes the field data not to be destructed; The phase shifting triggers the electric circuit through from exterior to input a 0 -1O V exchange control signal, then changes the metacryst thyratron to trigger the angle, the control crystal thyratron bidirectional accent presses the electric circuit the output voltage; Keyboard control and LED demonstration realization man-machine dialogue, parameter hypothesis, password input; MAX791 monitoring circuit, when the system suddenly intensely receives the disturbance causes the system dying machine, watchdog the electric circuit can guarantee the system reliable work. In detail introduced the system composition, the control principle, the hardware electric circuit and the software diagram. The simulation result indicate