【编辑推荐】安徽省六安市霍邱中学高考英语 直接引语与间接引语练习3.docVIP

安徽省六安市霍邱中学高考英语 直接引语与间接引语练习3 直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，原话用引号，而间接引语是引述别人的话，不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语改为间接引语时，如果直接引语的动词是现在时，那么间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式都不变。例如： She?says,?“?I’ll?never?forget?the?moment.” 变为间接引语为: She?says?that?she’ll?never?forget?the?moment. 但是如果直接引语的动词为过去时，那么间接引语中的动词、时间状语、时态、地点状语、人称等一般要作相应的变化。遵循下列规律： 一、三要素： 我们想要很好地掌握直接引语变间接引语这一语法项目的话，关键要掌握下列“三要素”。 要素一： 陈述句的直接引语变间接引语：连接词用that，在口语中可省略。引述动词用said,?told等。例如： ?He?said:?“I’ve?left?my?book?in?my?room.” He?told?me?that?he?had?left?his?book?in?his?room. She?said:?“He?will?be?busy.” She?said?that?he?would?be?busy. 要素二：? 1、疑问句的直接引语变间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接宾语的可以加一个间接宾语me,?him等，例如： ? She?said?to?Tom,?“Can?you?help?me?”? She?asked?Tom?if?/whether?he?could?help?her. She?asked,?“Is?this?book?yours?or?his?” ???? She?asked?me?whether?that?book?was?mine?or?his. 2、特殊疑问句的直接引语变间接引语，用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如： ??? The?teacher?asked,?“how?did?you?repair?it?”? ??? The?teacher?asked?me?how?I?had?repaired?it. 要素三： 祈使句的直接引语变间接引语，要采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 ? 即?told?/asked/?ordered/ warned +sb.?(not)?＋to?do?sth. 注意：引语中的呼语可改成宾语，引语中的please?去掉，动词改为?ask? The?teacher?said?to?the?students,?“Don’t?waste?your?time.”? ??? The?teacher?told?the?students?not?to?waste?their?time. The?mother?said,?“Tom,?get?up?early,?please.” The?mother?asked?Tom?to?get?up?early. ?二、“四变”：一变人称、二变时态、三变句式、四变状语 **变人称口诀：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新 “一随主” ：是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。 She?said.?“ My?brother?wants?to?go shopping?with?me”.? →She?said?her?brother wanted?to?go shopping?with?her. 二随宾 He?said?to?Kate,?“How?is?your?sister?now? ” →He?asked?Kate?how?her?sister?was?then. He said to me,“I broke your CD player.” →He said to me that he had broken my CD player. Kate said to Tom, “You can return my books on Friday. ” →Kate said to Tom he could return her books on Friday. 第三人称不更新 Mr.?Smith?said, “Jack?is?a?good?boy.” →Mr.?Smith?said?Jack?was?a?good?boy. **变时态：一般现在时 一般过去时 现在完成时