浙江大学大学物理甲下 chapter 44.pptVIP

* Exercise Lesson Wave optics 1. Interference Phase difference and optical path difference (1) Double-slit interference (2) Interference from thin film If i =0, Example 1: Two slips interference, S1S2=0.7mm, D=100cm, λ=500nm. Now the single slip is shifted and SS1-SS2= λ/2, an optical medium plates with thickness of l and index of refraction of 1.5 placed at the back of one slits. The point o is 4th minimum fringe. Find (1) l, (2) the distance the central maximum to the point o. Solution: D r1 r2 x Example 2: There is an oil film (n2=1.20) on flat grass plate (n1=1.52). A light ray (λ=600nm) illuminates normally and is observed from above by reflected light. Find the thickness of the film at 5th bright fringe from the edge of oil film. Solution: At the edge of film, d=0 (m=0), is bright. Thus the 5th bright fringe is m=4. Example 3: As shown, λ=560nm, center point is dark, there are 20 dark rings in the outer region. Find the thickness of the film at center. n=1.4 n=1.5 Solution: If the 1st minimum correspond to m=0, the center point is m=20. If the 1st minimum correspond to m=1, the center point is m=21. Example 4 (E41-40): 2. Diffraction (1) Single-slit diffraction (2) Grating diffraction (3) Resolving power Airy spot: Grating: Principle maxima (4) missing order The angle θ is the angle between the incident x-ray and the plane. (5) Bragg’s law Example 5: (E43-12) Assume that light is incident on a grating at an angle φ as shown. Show that the condition for a diffraction maximum is d(sin φ ±sinθ) =mλ. If d=2μm, λ=590nm, φ=30o, d=3a, how many fringes can be observed? k=-1, 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, these 6 fringes are observed. Example 6: Assume that the limits of the visible spectrum are arbitrarily chosen as 400 and 760nm. Calculate the number of rulings per mm of a grating that will spread the first-order spectrum through an angle range of 20.0°. Solution: Example 7: E43-22 Solution: (a) condition (1) is satisfied, (b) condition (3) is satisfied, d/a=3, a=80