康德批判哲学的自然”概念.pdfVIP

中文摘要 本论的研究主题是康德批判哲学的“自然”概念，康德的“自然”概念由于 其批判哲学的创造性思想，而具有了哲学史上开创性的意义，也因此，他的“自 然”异常的复杂而晦涩。 本论对康德“自然”概念分析主要从三个方面展开： （1）、“自然”最基本的意义是认识中的现象和现象的总和，是主体的先验 认知能力的合法而有效的运用领域，在此意义上的“自然”指示了主体认知的合 法经验界域。 （2）、主体认知能力的有限性决定了自然首先只是作为现象被我们认识的， 这同时暗示了自然的超感性的存在。而自然的作为“超感性的基底”的“物自身” 的意义在其实践哲学中获得了存在的合法性。 （3）、“自然”的意义在康德那里虽然被分裂为认识世界和实践世界，但是， 它的作为与主体的反思判断密切相关的情感世界的意义，却起到了沟通现象与本 体、自然与自由、认识与实践的作用。同时，“自然”之所以能够沟通现象与本 体分裂的世界，究其根源在于情感或者反思判断的“自然”对象是认识和实践的 奠基和入门。 由此，“自然”的三重意义（现象、本体、原始统一体）得到了全面的显示， 这三重意义也是与康德批判哲学的“自由”概念的三重意义相互呼应的。 关键词： 自然 现象 物自身 情感世界 I Abstract The subject of my paper is kant′s “Nature” in his critical philosophy. kant′s “Nature” has creative meaning in western philosophy because of his distinguished thoughts. And therefore, his “Nature” becomes a very obscure and complicated concept. I try to analysis the “Nature” from three perspectives. The first, the basic meaning of “Nature” is phenomenon which constructs the only legal field for the usage of transcendent ability. And the “Nature” in this meaning implies the legitimate area of subjects′cognition. The second, Nature has been cognized by us as the phenomenon. And the fact indicates that there is the thing in itself which achieves its legal factuality in the field of practical philosophy. The third, although the meaning of “Nature” was divided into knowledge world and practical world, the third meaning of “Nature”, which takes on the world of sentiment, plays a substantial role to communicate the two worlds (the world of phenomenon and the world of noumenon). And I believe that the reason for the “Nature” (in its third meaning) to connect cognition and practice