气象专业英语4课件.pptVIP

P13： ① In the next few decades, however, CO2 emissions are unlikely to be curtailed, either voluntarily or by regulation. ② The world’s infrastructure is built around fossil fuels. ③ The cost （成本） of using coal, gas and oil is low compared with nuclear and solar power, and this relative cost advantage（优势） is expected to continue. ④ Therefore, a voluntary reduction in CO2 emissions is unlikely. P14： ① The only government action that could successfully reduce CO2 emissions would be to curtail the use of fossil fuels. ② Emission controls for CO2 from power plants （电厂） would at least quadruple the cost of electricity. ③ For smaller users of fossil fuels, such as homes and motor vehicles, control is not even feasible. ④ Other plans, such as sequestering carbon in massive tree plantings, are even less plausible. P15： ① Even if political leaders decide to take drastic（严厉的） actions to limit worldwide consumption of fossil fuels, it is probably already too late to prevent significant rises in global temperatures and sea level. ② A recent study investigated the impact of drastic energy policy changes on the expected timing of a greenhouse warming (Seidel and Keyes,1983). ③ The authors concluded that such policies could have important impact by 2100, but would not substantially delay the 2° C warming expected by 2040. ④ They estimated that a 300 percent tax on fossil fuels would delay the 2 C warming by only five years, and that even a worldwide ban on coal, shale（页岩） oil, and synthetic fuels would delay the warming by only twenty-five years, if implemented by 2000. ⑤ Furthermore, such a ban would delay the rise in sea level expected through 2040 by only twelve years. P16： ① The political feasibility of instituting （制定） such a ban by 2000 is also doubtful, because only a worldwide agreement to curtail emission could be successful. ② Any individual nation that curtails its own emissions will delay the day when CO2 concentrations double by a few years at most. ③ Furthermore,