EC名词+修饰语译法STD解析.docVIP

英语名词译法 Landscape / scenery 山河 Mountain range 山脉 The Four Books 四书 The Five Classics 五经 英语名词——特别是抽象名词在英语造句中非常活跃，与动词相配合时，往往形成英语句式简洁的一大优势。在某种特定的情况下，英语名词有时可包含一个短语或句子所要传达的信息，所以译成汉语时多数情况下多做扩展或具体化处理，而且其位置的变化也很大。 刘宓庆在《文体与翻译》（p.113）中说：英语词义比较灵活，词的涵义范围比较宽，比较丰富多变，词义对上下文的依赖性比较大，独立性比较小。汉语词义比较严谨，词的涵义范围比较窄，比较精确、固定，词义的伸缩性和对上下文的依赖性比较小，独立性比较大。 英语“抽象名词（或一些特定名词）+ 动词”的句型，常常见于政论题材和科技文体中。句法简洁洗练，信息包容量大，是英语造句的一大优势。译成汉语往往需要扩展成短语或句子，而且位置也应作很大的调整。可以有以下几种译法： 译为条件或时间状语 Shortly after the family’s move to Lime Rock, paralysis disabled Captain Lewis. 路易斯船长一家搬到 Lime Rock没多久，他就患了偏瘫。 Foresight now tells us that travel to Mars is not impossible. 展望一下未来，到火星旅行也并非不可能。 A little forethought would have saved you much trouble afterwards.事先略作盘算Further delay would cause us greater losses. 我们如果再耽搁，将会蒙受更大的损失。 A stone dropped from its outer edge would have fallen sheer downward one thousand feet to the tops of the pines. 如果有一块石头从边缘处掉下去，会正好落到下面一千英尺处的松树顶上。 A man of less courage would not have dared to work inside enemy headquarters. 如果换一个懦弱的人，也不敢在敌人心脏里工作。 The May Fourth Movement of 1919 saw the beginning of the “New Redology”, represented by scholars as Hu Shi and Yu Pingbo. 1919年“五四”运动以后，开始了“新红学”时代，代表人物有胡适、俞平伯等这样一些学者。 The year 1871 witnessed the heroic uprising of the Paris Commune. 1871年爆发了英勇的巴黎公社起义。 译为短句或短语 The prospect of the collapse of the public manners is not merely a matter of etiquette. Society’s first concern will remain major crime, but a foretaste of the seriousness of incivility is suggested by what has been happening in Houston. 人们期望，不要把公共礼貌之沦丧仅仅看成是礼仪的问题。社会首先关注的当然还是重大罪犯，但休斯顿的不文明现象已经使这座城市预感到了这一问题的严重性了。 The youth cult of the 60s is fast giving way to an older and more settled lifestyle. 60年代盛行的年轻至上风气，现在正在迅速衰退；代之而起的是一种较为老练、安定的生活方式。 The man in the street scarcely realizes that many forms of business, some major industries, and one or two minor professions could be completely abolished without gravely injuring American society; whereas the disappearance – or even what we see in some quarters, the conti