雅思并列结构.pptVIP

雅思阅读长难句结构—— 1. 并列结构 Zhang Jing 并列结构 并列结构是指两个或两个以上意义相关、层次相同、句法功能也相同、并由并列连词或其他手段连接起来的结构序列。并列结构有不同的形式，它可以是词和词的并列,词组和词组的并列,也可以是分句和分句的并列。并列成分都是在同一层次上并具有相同句法功能. 1. Everyone should know where the nearest fire alarm box is located and where exits, fire escapes, and fire doors are. 1．Everyone should know where the nearest fire alarm box is located and where exits, fire escapes, and fire doors are. 结构：本句有三个谓语动词，其中主句的谓语动词为should know，其余两个都是由where引导的并列宾语从句。本句可以拆分： 1) Everyone should know. 2) Where the nearest fire alarm box is located. 3) Where exits, fire escapes, and fire doors are. 翻译：每个人都应该知道最近的火灾报警箱的位置，以及安全出口、安全梯及防火门位于何处。 2.The way space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities is culturally influenced. 2．The way space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities is culturally influenced. 结构：本句有2个谓语动词，其中第二个is influenced 是主句的谓语动词，主干是The way is culturally influenced。第一个is used是定语从句的谓语动词，但是该定语从句省略了引导词。定语从句中三个并列的不定式短语动词to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities共同作为is used的目的状语。本句可以拆分为： 1) The way is culturally influenced. 2) Space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities. 翻译：怎样利用空间来获得个人隐私、建造家园以及设计城市都会受到文化的影响。 3．Keeping your head, instead of crowding and pushing to get to an exit, may make the difference between life and death when fire breaks out. 4．Keeping your head, (instead of crowding and pushing to get to an exit), may make the difference between life and death when fire breaks out. 结构：本句有两个谓语动词，其中主句的谓语动词为may make，其主语是动名词短语keeping your head。breaks out是when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词。插入语(instead of…)中的crowding和pushing两个动名词是平行并列结构。本句可以拆分为： 1) Keeping your head may make the difference between life and death. 2) When fire breaks out. 翻译：当发生火灾时，保持头脑冷静，而不是向安全出口拥堵，能够带来生与死的不同结果。 4．Neither friends nor family can convince phobic people that most animals are harmless, that thousands of travelers fly safely every