彭龟年的研究.pdf

摘 要 摘 要 彭龟年是南宋中期的一位重要人物，历仕孝宗、光宗、宁宗三朝，为官长达三十七 年。乾道五年（1169）年，彭龟年中进士及第，从此步入仕途。他从一名基层的县丞做 起，但并没有因为官职低微而有丝毫懈怠。在近三十年的地方从政生涯中，彭龟年经常 接触百姓，了解人民疾苦，这也养成了其忠直、爱民的为政特点。自绍熙元年（1190） 初任知中央以来至庆元元年底（1195）年六年时间里，他力求有所作为，以积极的姿态 活跃于南宋政坛。他直言进谏、鲠古立朝。在此期间他还曾任宁宗潜邸旧臣，宁宗即位 时，其与韩侂胄、赵汝愚等鼎力扶助。宁宗即位后，彭龟年又为侍读，兼得“帝师”之 尊，地位颇为尊贵，故对当时的政治活动有一定的影响。后韩侂胄窃弄国柄，危害政局 稳定，彭龟年首揭其奸邪而落职，后又被列“庆元党籍”，表现出他不畏强权的品质。 彭龟年积极投身政治活动的同时，师承张栻，研究理学，并利用其从政条件，扩大 理学的影响。彭龟年一生与当时不少重臣名士皆有交往，如赵汝愚、留正、张枃、朱熹、 陆九渊、杨万里、陈傅良等。这些人在为官、人格、思想等方面对他影响颇深。 关键词 彭龟年 南宋 理学 为政思想 交游 I Abstract Abstract Peng Guinian was one of important figure in the mid-term of Southern Sung Dynasty, and he spanned the whole period of middle Southern Sung Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Guangzong period , he was famous for straight - arrow and speaking frankly. At the same time, Peng Guinian was Qiandijiuchen of the Ningzong (the son of Guangzong) and taught him the history ancient works.when Ningzong ascending the throne, Peng Guinian, Zhao Ruyu and so on gave them great strength to support. After Ningzong came to the throne, he became to the shijiang offical, winning the honour of the teacher of emperor, and had a distinguished status. In this condition, he had an effect on polices at that time. Later ，Han Tuozhou grabbed all the power contaminated and endangering governmental rule. Peng Guinian firstly exposed Hans all evil actions. It reflected that he are not afraid of power. Peng Guinian led into polices. In the meantime, he modelled from Zhang Shi, and studied the Sung Confucianism. He used his politic