翻译第一章教案修订.doc

电子教案内容索引 第一章 What is translation? 1.1 Linguistic views on translation 1.2 Cultural views on translation 1.3 Literary views on translation 1.4 Semantic views on translation 1.5 Functional views on translation 1.6 Communicative views on translation 2. Important role of translation 2.1 As a means of communication, translation plays an important role in human civilization. 2.2 If a foreign language is generally accepted as a tool of life, translation then obviously serves as a dynamic means of employing this tool. A proper and dexterous巧妙 translation helps to promote mutual understanding between peoples of different cultural and social backgrounds, whereas a misunderstanding or improper rendering of words or expressions may lead to confusion. Examples: transliteration 字译或音译 menu 菜单（计算机选项、项目单） Renaissance 文艺复兴 芳芳 （tooth of the dog or snake） 五讲四美、三热爱 five stresses, four beauties and three loves 抓紧施肥 grasp manure [m??n??, -?nj??] 街道妇女 street women 白酒 white wine 3. Nature, Scope and Process of Translation 3.1 Brief Introduction of Translation （课本Page 1） 3.2 Process of Communication （1）Intralingual Communication（语内交流） （2）Interlingual Communication （语际交流） A. 理解阶段的历时性 B. 理解阶段的共时性 翻译的过程 阅读、理解、表达、检验 （课本 13） 4. The Development, Principles or Criteria of Translation Theory 4.1 The Four Developing Phases Of Translation Theory in China 肇始阶段（佛经序翻译理论）： 古典阶段（正名论翻译理论）： 玄思阶段（哲学化翻译理论）： 直觉阶段（文艺学翻译理论）： 4.2 Translation Criteria Put Forward by Famous Translators or Translation Theorists 4.2.1 Translation Criteria Put Forward by Some Chinese Translators 课本4 4.2.2 Translation Criteria Put Forward by Western Translators or Theorists (1) Alexander Fraser Tytler：Three Principles of Translation (2) Peter Newmark: Communicative and Semantic Translation (3) Eugene A．Nida：Functional Equivalence 4.3 Other Factors Affecting the Evaluation of Translation 5. The Requirements for Qualified Translators 5.1 Excellent Command of the Two Languages 5.2 Considerable Knowledge of the Two Cultures 5.3