《词类、句子成分与句子类型》学案.docVIP

《词类、句子成分与句子类型》学案 班级__________ 姓名__________ 一、词类(Part of Speech) 1.词的分类 英语中的词根据其________、__________以及在句子中的________可以分成十大类。 词类 英语名称 缩写形式 请举例说明 名词 Noun n. 代词 Pronoun pron. 形容词 Adjective adj./a. 数词 Numeral num 动词 Verb v.(vi./vt.) 副词 Adverb adv. 冠词 Article art. 介词 Preposition prep. 连词 Conjunction conj. 感叹词 Interjection int. 其中，______、代词、_______、数词、_______、副词能在句子中_______充当成分，称为_________。其他成为虚词，不能在句子中独立充当成分。 2. 请判断下列画线词的词类。 同一个词在不同的场合可以作不同的词类。 I used to swim in the pond in front of my house. __________ I’d like to have a swim in the pond. __________ Apples usually grow in the north. __________ The weather in dry in summer in North China. __________ The wild ducks are flying north. __________ He gave me a photo album as a present. __________ The present situation is good. __________ He was present at the party. __________ He was badly hurt in the head. __________ The ship was heading for the barbour. __________ 二、句子（Sentence）的种类 句子是具有一定的语法结构，表达一个独立完整意义的语言单位。书面上，用标点符号断开。句首字母要大写，句末通常用句号、问号、感叹号。 句子的分类如下： 1．按交际功能分为四类： __________（肯定，否定）Declarative Sentence _________（一般疑问，特殊疑问，选择疑问，反意疑问）Interrogative Sentence __________ Imperative Sentence __________ Exclamatory Sentence 2．按句子的结构分为三类： __________Simple Sentence __________ Compound Sentence __________ Complex Sentence 三、句子成分 句子一般可以分成几个部分，每个部分在句中具有一定的功能，称为句子成分。不同的句子成分由一定的词类或词组充当。 1. 主语（Subject） 主语是句子的__________，是一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。一般由__________、__________、__________、__________（不定式、动名词）或名词性从句中的__________从句充当。 请用下划线标出句子的主语，并在空格处写明其词类。 The has just taken off at the airport. __________ They are students from the United States. __________ Twelve divided by three is four. __________ To have the English news recorded takes up much of my spare time. __________ Playing football is