张汇理论文匀变速剪切下大庆胶凝原油结构破坏性研究.docVIP

摘 要 含蜡量高、粘度大、凝点高、流变性较差是我国大庆油田所产原油的特性。含蜡原油会由于温度的降低而析出蜡晶，温度越低，析出的蜡晶越多，在凝点附近时析出的蜡晶会由于蜡晶的聚集和相互交联形成了三维网络结构，将液态原油包裹在其中，使原油整体上失去了流动性，胶凝后的原油表现出屈服应力、触变性和粘弹性等复杂的流变性质。研究胶凝原油的流变性质对原油的生产、运输和使用具有重要意义。通常通过设定恒定的剪切速率来研究胶凝原油的流变性质，很多学者对这方面做过详细的研究。本论文以原油流变学为基础，通过匀变速剪切速率来研究胶凝原油在不同情况下的流变特性。 论文讨论了热历史，剪切历史和不同匀变速情况下，大庆胶凝原油在匀变速剪切加载条件下粘度和应力变化情况。 关键词：含蜡原油；屈服应力；原油粘度；匀变速剪切；胶凝原油 ABSTRACT The most crude produced by the oil field has the character of high paraffin content﹑high viscosity、high condensation point and bad rheological property. With the temperature decreasing, the wax crystal would be separated out, and the lower temperature, the more wax crystal. The three-dimensional net structure would be formed because of the gather and mutual crosslingding fo wax crystal. The liquid crude would be included by the net structure and the crude loss mobility as a whole. The gelled crude showed complicated rheological properties, such as yield stress、thixotropy、viscoelasticity and so on. The research of gelled crude theological properties has significant to the produce、transportation and use of the crude. The Theological properties of gelled crude is researched by the constant sheering rate, and many scholars had the research on the theological properties. The text based on crude theology, the uniform variable sheering is used to study the gelled crude theological properties under different circumstances. The text studied that the variation of viscosity and viscosity to Daqing gelled crude sheared by uniform variabal shearing at the circumstances of thermal history﹑shearing history and different uniform variabal shearing. Key words： wax-bearing crude,yield stress；viscosity of crude；uniform variabal shearing；gelled crude 目 录 第1章 绪论 1 1.1本文研究背景及意义 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.3 本文研究的主要内容 3 第2章 胶凝原油的基本性质 5 2.1胶凝原油的基本概念 5 2.2含蜡原油胶凝结构的形成 6 2.3流变性测量 8 2.4胶凝含蜡原油的流变性 8 2.5胶凝原油结构特性的影响因素 12 第3章 匀变速剪切试验研究 13 3.1实验内容 13 3.2实验原油的基本物性 13 3.3实验所用的主要仪器 13 3.4油样处理 14 第4章 实验结果及分析 16 4.1实验数据的优选 16 4.2关于剪切速率变化率的影响 19 4.3关于预剪切速