语法-2-形容词、副词、主谓一致篇.docVIP

二、形容词、副词 一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法 1. as+adj/adv+as 两者相同 not as (so)+adj/adv+as 前者不如后者 该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的程度上的相似或不同 e.g. My computer is as/not as (so) new as yours. 2. as many/few+可数名词复数+as或as much/little(少的)+不可数名词+as e.g. You may borrow as many books as you can. The doctor said to him, “Drink as much water as you can.” You should eat as little ice-cream as you can. 3. 主语+比较级+than any other… 结构表示主语所描述的事物比其他任何一个都比较级形式表示最高级含义。 is cleverer than any other student in their class.李是他们班中最聪明的学生。 注意：若比较范围不同，than后应用“any+可数名词的复数形式+其他”。 China is larger than any countries in Africa.中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。 4.…) not, never之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级含义。意为再没有比更的了。 It is not a better idea.这是再好不过的一个办法了。 I have never heard a more interesting story.我从听过比这更有趣的故事了。 There is nothing better than living in the .在这个城市生活是再好不过的了。 5. “形容词+to结构也可表示比较含义 This kind of car is superior to that in quality.这种汽车的质量比那一种好得多。(superior to优于；胜过) Li ping is three years senior to Liu Gang.李平比刘刚大三岁。(senior to年长于；资格老于；地位高于) The hazards of the theatre seemed preferable to joining the family paint business.经营剧院的风险似乎比加入家族涂料产业的风险要小一些。preferable to更好地，更可取的，更合意的） 类似的单词还有：nferior; junior; major; minor 6.“no+比较级+than”可由neither…nor…结构来改写no 用于表示完全否定 e.g. I’m no more foolish than you.我们俩都不傻。(Neither I nor you are foolish.) 7. not more+比较级+than前者不如后者 This book is not more interesting than that one.这本书不如那本书有趣。(The book is less interesting than that one.) 8. adj.比较级+than+与其…倒不如… e.g. Jack is much harder than clever.与其说杰克聪明，倒不如说他学习用功。 9. would ratherthan B prefer A to B prefer to do A rather than B 这三个句型表示宁愿…而不愿…；喜欢…胜过…；宁愿做…而不愿做…含义。虽无比较级形式，但表示比较级含义。 She would rather die than give in.她宁死不屈。 He preferred to go out rather than stay home.他宁愿出去也不愿呆在家里。 10. The+比较级…the+比较级…越，越 e.g. The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them. 问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。 ---House Agent: Do you want a big house? ---Wife: Yes, the bigger the better. ---Husband: I don’t agree. The smaller the house, the less it will cost us to heat. 二、倍数表达法