常见的高危婴儿.pptVIP

Common High Risk Infants常见的高危婴儿 Marcy Mallouf RN, IBCLC, RLC ?Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital/Stanford University/M. Mallouf, 2010 Identifying the Common High Risk Infant辨认常见的高危婴儿 Caesarian Sectioned Infants 剖腹产儿 Late Pre-Term Infants (34 – 37 weeks gestation 晚期早产儿（产龄在34-37周） Low Birth Weight (less than 2.7 kg or 6 lbs) 低体重儿（出生体重低于2.7公斤） Multiples 多胎 Infants Born by Caesarian Section剖腹产儿 Minor / transient respiratory distress 轻度或过渡性呼吸困难 Anesthesia’s effect on infant and mom 麻醉对婴儿和母亲的影响 Mom not able to breastfeed without assistance 母亲哺乳需要帮助 Delayed lactogenesis III (milk coming in) 延缓泌乳期 Tongue movement anomalies in infant 婴儿舌头运动异常 Lactation Support after Caesarian Delivery剖腹产后的哺乳指导与帮助 Initiate breastfeeding early breastfeeding 早期启动母乳喂养 Involve family members 鼓励家族成员参与 sit by bedside during skin to skin 鼓励母婴肌肤接触 assist mom in positioning 协助母亲找到最舒适的姿式 Maintain pain control 止痛 Late Pre-Term and Low Birth Weight Infants晚期早产儿与低体重儿 The “great pretenders” 是最容易被忽视的群体 The Late Pre-Term Infant晚期早产儿 “Looks” like a term infant 看起来像足月婴儿 Considered “not really” premature 认为他们不是真正的早产儿 Considered “almost full term” 认为他们接近足月 May look like they are breastfeeding well 看起来哺乳没有问题 Make up 70% of all pre-term births 占所有早产儿的70% Late Pre-Term Infants “An expert panel has suggested that the phrase “Late Pre-Term Infant” conveys the sense that infants that are born between 34 through 36 weeks of gestation are immature and vulnerable and need close monitoring, evaluation, and follow-up.” 专家建议：晚期早产儿是指胎龄介于34-36+6周的早产儿，这些早产儿是不成熟儿，高危儿，需要严密观察，评估与随访。 Raju TNK, Pediatrics 2008 “Late-Preterm Birth: Challenges and Opportunities Infants born at 37 weeks gestation 胎龄37周的婴儿比胎龄大于38周的 have higher morbidity rates 婴儿患病率高 compared to infants born at 38 weeks The Risks for the Late Pre-Term Inf