unit4 section 2 高中英语 （十二省区）（人教版）必修1ppt课件.pptVIP

观察下列句子，写出黑体词(关系代词)所指代的词及在定语从句中所作的成分 ①A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. (指代_______，作______) ②Then later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. (指代_______，作______) ③I dont know the girl whom you talked to just now. (指代_______，作______) ④The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. (指代_______，作______) ⑤Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (指代__________，作______) 一、基础点拨 1．定义及分类。 2.关系代词的用法。 This is the film which / that created a great sensation. (which / that 在定语从句中作主语) 这就是那部引起很大轰动的电影。 The book (which/that) they sent me is very good. (which/that在定语从句中作宾语)他们寄给我的书非常好。 The man who/that stole your car has been arrested. (who/that在定语从句中作主语) 偷你汽车的人已经被捕获了。 The man (whom/that) I saw told me to come here.(whom/that在定语从句中作宾语) 我见到的那个人让我到这里来。 Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black. (whose在定语从句中作定语)请把黑色封面的字典递给我。 名师点津 (1)关系代词that可指人，可与关系词which/who/whom互换，但是不可直接放在介词的后面作宾语。 (2)作宾语或表语时who与whom可互换，若紧跟在介词后面则使用whom；whom在从句中不作主语。 (3)关系代词作宾语时可省略(与介词连用时除外)。 (4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词。 (5)如果whose所修饰的是无生命的名词，常可用“the＋名词＋of which(指物)”或“of＋which＋the＋名词”代替“whose＋名词”。 This is the office in which I used to work. 这就是我过去工作过的办公室。 This is the building whose windows(the windows of which/of which the windows) were all painted green. 这就是窗户都被漆成绿色的那幢楼。 二、难点突破 关系词只用that，而不用which或who的情况： 1．当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做了。 2．当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most beautiful park that I have visited. 这是我游览过的最漂亮的公园。 3．当先行词被the only，the very, the last修饰时。 Chatting was the only thing that interested her. 聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事。 4．当先行词既指人，又指物时。 She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in. 她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。 5．当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？ 名师点