管理学（英文版全套课件）.ppt

Communication Process The Communication Flow in the Organization Downward communication Upward communication Horizontal communication Crosswise communication What is the Function of an Ombudsperson? An ombudsperson investigates employees concerns and provides a valuable upward communication link to enhance effective upward communication. Barriers and Breakdowns in Communication Lack of planning Poorly expressed messages Unclarified assumptions Semantic distortion Poor listening and premature evaluation Power distance between sender and receiver Distrust, threat, and fear Information overl