煤合成100wta尿素__氨合成工段设计大学生毕业（设计）论文.docVIP

本科生毕业论文（设计） 题 目 二级学院 化学与化工学院 专 业 应用化学 学生姓名 学 号 年级 指导教师 职称  摘要 尿素作为氮肥中含氮量最高的品种，它在农业和工业及其他方面都有着十分广泛的作用，当然它的需求量也是很大的。尿素生产经过多年的发展，现已发展成为一种成熟的化工生产工艺。 本设计是以煤为原料年产100万吨尿素中合成氨工序中氨合成工段的设计。由于资源结构的原因，以煤为原料，成本较低，资源丰富，虽然以煤为原料合成氨存在不少缺点，但近年来，我国技术人员做了大量技术改进，节能、降耗、环境污染等有了很大的进展。 本设计绪论部分主要讲述了尿素的性质、尿素工业的发展情况；设计方案的选择和确定，讲了几种流程方案的比较和建厂的选址；生产流程简述；设计工艺计算主要包括物料衡算和热量衡算；主要设备选型；环境保护与安全措施。 关键字：尿素；合成氨；工艺选择；能源消耗 abstract In the nitrogen fertilizer products ，. It has widely effect in the agriculture ,industry and other aspects. Of course, it is also in great demand. The production of urea has years of development ,it has developed into a mature chemical process now. This design is based on the synthesis section of ammonia, which is a part of that use coal as raw material to produce urea 1 million tons every year. Because the structure of resource, taking coal as raw material is not only has a low cost, but also has a abundant resources. Although it has some shortcomings in using coal as raw materials for producting ammonia. But our technicist have done a lot of technical improvement in recent years. It has made great progress in energy saving, consumption reduction, environment pollution and so on. The first part of this design is mainly about the nature of the urea and its industry development situation. Then, the choice and determination of design scheme ; introduces several kinds of proces scheme and make a comparison;the location of the factory; the summary of production process. Design process mainly include material balance and heat balance calculation; The main equipment selection ;environmental protection and safety measures. Key words: the urea; synthetic ammonia ;process selection; energy  目 录 摘要 I abstract III 第1章 绪论 1 1.1尿素的性质、用途及重要性 1 1.1.1 尿素的性质 1 1.1.2 尿素的用途 1 1.2 尿素的发展趋势 1 1.3 尿素的几中生产方法及特点 2 第2章 氨的合成 3 2.1 设计产品所需的主要原料来源、规格 3 2.1.1 主要原料来源 3 2.1.2 主要原料规格 3 2.2 氨合成操作条件的选择 4 2.2.1 氨合成催化剂 4 2.2.2 压力 4 2.2.3 温度 4 2.2.4 空间速度