-全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题及解析资料.docVIP

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 Americas National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting__1___ workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___ giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely influential idea that the very __3___ to being experimented upon changed subjects behavior. The idea arose because of the __4___ behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5___ of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6___ what was done in the experiment; __7___something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) __8___ that they were being experimented upon seemed to be __9___ to alter workers behavior __10___itself. After several decades, the same data were __11___ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store __12___the descriptions on record, no systematic __13___ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to __14___ interpretation of what happed. __15___, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output __16___rose compared with the previous Saturday and __17___to rise for the next couple of days. __18___, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers __19___ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before __20___ a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged Hawthorne effect is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restore