必修四unit动名词作主表和定语课件解析.pptVIP

Grammar 动名词由 “do＋ing” 构成, 可以带宾语或状语构成动名词短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。 Grammar 一. 动名词的五种形式 一般式doing, 否定式not doing, 被动式being done, 完成式having done, 完成式的被动式having been done Grammar 一. 动名词做主语的用法 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如： Seeing is believing. Helping her is my duty. 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 3. Walking is my sole exercise. 4. Talking mends no holes. Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。 动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如： Its rather tiring walking around in a city. 不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如： Its no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 He realized that to go on like this was wrong. It is no use doing…做某事是没用的 It is no good doing…做某事是没有好处的 It is a waste of time doing…做某事是浪费时间 It is useless/ fun/ nice/ dangerous doing… 【考例】 1.— What do you think made Mary so upset？ — __________ her new bicycle． （1997上海高考题） A. As she lost?? B. Lost C. Losing?????? D. Because of losing 解析：losing her new bicycle是句子的主语，谓语made her so upset被省略，losing… 在此表示具体的动作。 二、动名词作表语的用法 动名词作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如： Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。 1. John’s bad habit is _____ without thorough understanding. ? A. read B. being read C. to be read D. reading 2. Charlie’s job was entertain people, wasn’t he? 三、动名词作定语的用法 单个动名词作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 a swimming pool = a pool for swimming a sleeping car =a car for sleeping drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台 a dri