ChapterExcitationandConductioofnervous分析报告.pptVIP

Chapter 2 Excitation and Conductio of nervous 神经的兴奋与传导 Metabolism 新陈代谢 Reproduction 生殖 Excitability 兴奋性 NF (nerve fiber): long tubercle of neuron axon and long dendrite. N (neuron): NF + connective tissue(结缔组织) Fig 2-2 Section1 Irritability and Excitability应激性与兴奋性 1. Irritability应激性 Def : It is a kind of capacity that the vivo tissue and cells generate reaction for stimulus. 活的机体、组织、细胞对刺激 发生反应的能力 Example: amoeba(变形虫), sensitive plant(含羞草), tendential of plant(植物的向性)and silk tree(合欢). 2. Excitability兴奋性 Example : the sample of Sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle (坐骨N-腓肠肌标本) Section 2 stimulation of causing excitation 引起兴奋的刺激 1. Def : It is a kind of change of internal and external environment which can cause cell excitation 能引起细胞兴奋的内外环境条件的变化 2.Quality and Classification性质与种类 Quality: mechanical stimulus, chemical stimulus, temperature stimulus, electrical stimulus ect. electrical stimulus: the electrical stimulus of rectanglar waves(矩形波电刺激), controllable strength-duration(强度与时间可控), little damage 3. Essential factors of stimulus刺激的要素 (1). intensity强度: (2)Duration The strength-duration curve of excited tissue 强度-时间曲线 Fig 2-6 Rheobase(基强度): the minimal threshold intensity. 最小的阈强度 Effective time(效用时间): (utilization time利用时). It is the shortest stimulative time which can excite tissue by stimulus of rheobase. 用基强度刺激,引起兴奋所需要的最短刺激时间 (3). Rate of change(强度的变化率) Fig 2-7 Section 3 Index and Variation of excitability 兴奋性的指标和兴奋性的变化 1.Index of excitability兴奋性的指标 (1). Rheobase and threshold intensity 基强度与阈强度 2. Chronaxie时值 Def : When the intensity of stimulus is twice as rheobase, the shortest duration of stimulus ,which can excite tissue, is called chronaxie.当刺激强度为基强度的二倍时,引起兴奋所需的最短刺激作用时间 1. Discovery of bioelectricity生物电的发现 电鳗numbfish 伽发利Galvani (1737－1798） 动物电