高等数学微积分课件多元函数极限的连续性资料.ppt

Chapter 8: Functions of Several Variables Section 8.2 Limits and Continuity * Written by Richard Gill Associate Professor of Mathematics Tidewater Community College, Norfolk Campus, Norfolk, VA With Assistance from a VCCS LearningWare Grant This section will extend the properties of limits and continuity from the familiar function of one variable to the new territory of functions of two or three variables. I hate to bring up painful memories but here is the formal definition of a limit back when we were dealing with functions of one variable. In less formal language this means that, if the limit holds, then f(x) gets closer and closer to L as x gets closer and closer to c. c ( ) L ( ) x is the input f(x) is the output Just to refresh your memory, consider the following limits. Good job if you saw this as “limit does not exist” indicating a vertical asymptote at x = -2. This limit is indeterminate. With some algebraic manipulation, the zero factors could cancel and reveal a real number as a limit. In this case, factoring leads to…… The limit exists as x approaches 2 even though the function does not exist. In the first case, zero in the denominator led to a vertical asymptote; in the second case the zeros cancelled out and the limit reveals a hole in the graph at (2, ?). The concept of limits in two dimensions can now be extended to functions of two variables. The function below uses all points on the xy-plane as its domain. x y z If the point (2,0) is the input, then 7 is the output generating the point (2,0,7). (2,0) (2,0,7) If the point (-1,3) is the input, then 13 is the output generating (-1,3,13). (-1,3) (-1,3,13) For the limit of this function to exist at (-1,3), values of z must get closer to 13 as points (x,y) on the xy-plane get closer and closer to (-1,3). Observe the values in the table to see if it looks like the limit will hold. The concept of limits in two dimensions can now be extended to functions of two variables. The function below use