新课标高中英语教学论文：名词从句论文.docVIP

摘要：在英语从句的学习中，对从句引导词的选择既是重点也是难点。首先，要准确判断是何种从句，然后再分析从句中缺什么，以此来决定引导词的选择。笔者的做法是：先一刀两断，再分析句子成分。（即先找出主句与从句的分开点，再分析从句中缺什么成分，再根据句意选择引导词）下面，我就名词性从句中引导词的选择使用作简略介绍，以供大家共同探讨。 关键词：名词性从句 引导词 名词从句(Noun?Clauses）在高中英语语法学习中是非常重要的，它在句子中起名词作用。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,?它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 1．名词从句的主要类型： 宾语从句：名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 例如: I don’t know where he will go. 主语从句：作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。 例如: Where he will go is unknown. 。 表语从句：在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as?if引导。其基本结构为：主语?+?系动词?+?that从句 例如: The problem is how we can get so much money. 同位语从句：同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导. 例如: We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game. 2.学习名词从句要加以注意的几点 2.1 whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意，（即引导宾语从句时if和whether 可以互换）但以下几种名词从句要用whether（不用if）引导： （1） 引导主语从句，且在句首时。例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis). （2） 引导表语从句时。例The problem is whether he can get a job. （3） 引导同位语从句时。例：I have no idea whether he will come. （4） 介词后的whether从句。例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 2.2 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。 例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us. 2.3 It is suggested / proposed /ordered/ a pity/ no wonder/necessary/strange/…＋ that从句”结构中，that从 谓语有时用（should）do这样的虚拟语气形式。 例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us. It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all one?s life. It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings（缺点）. 2.4 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because. 例如：The reason why he didn?t go to school yesterday is that he was ill. 2.5名词从句中that,what用法比较： 引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中无成份，无意义，而what是连接代词，what＝the thing(s) that. 例如：It was told in yesterday?s newspaper that what the students had