thecabinet要点.pptVIP

Origin of the cabinet ---The king or queen met regularly with a group of parliamentarians, which became known as the cabinet. ---The cabinet ministers were oppointed by the sovereign,and they had to have enough support in the House of Commons. The Cabinet ---In composed of the most important department ---The center of the British political system ---The supreme decision-making body in the British government The monarchy Prime Minister and Cabinet The Cabinet is a formal body made up of the most senior government ministers chosen by the prime minister. Most members are heads of government departments with the title Secretary of State. Formal members of the Cabinet are drawn exclusively from the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Government ●Prime Minister and Cabinet The UK is a parliamentary democracy. This means that: members of the government are also members of one of the two Houses of Parliament (the House of Commons and the House of Lords) – although there are rare exceptions to this rulegovernment is directly accountable to Parliament – not only on a day-to-day basis (through parliamentary questions and debates on policy) but also because it owes its existence to Parliament: the governing party is only in power because it holds a majority in the House of Commons, and at any time the government can be dismissed by the Commons through a vote of ‘no confidence’ 英国的国家元首和理论上最高权力的拥有者是英国君主，目前为伊丽莎白二世。实际上，女王只拥有象征性的地位，其权力的形式受到惯例与民意的约束。但是君主基本上还是可以行使三个重要的权利：被咨询的权利、提供意见的权利和警告的权利。一个君主在位的时间越长，经验与学识越丰富，他的意 见就越会受到内阁和首相本人的重视，而这种君主与内阁之间的交流是在每周例行的秘密会议中进行的。事实上在英国，拥有最高政治权力的人是内阁首相（现任首相大卫·卡梅伦; zh-hant大卫·卡麦隆于2010年5月11日起执政），他必须得到下议院的支持。“君临国会”（Crown in Parliament）代表了英国的国家主权。 Parliament: ● House of Commons and Lords Parliamentary sovereignty  The UK Parliament is a ‘sovereign parliament’ – this means that the legislative body has ‘absolute sovereignty’, in other words it is supreme to all other government institutions, including any executive or judicial bo