1.5Mta青海原油常压蒸馏装置工艺设计 毕业设计.doc

1.5Mt/a青海原油常压蒸馏装置工艺设计 摘要：原油属低硫中间基原油，为充分利用石油资源，根据该原油的性质特点和的数据并结合我国燃料市场的，确定加工方案为燃料—润滑油型。塔，。应用绘图软件AutoCAD绘制全装置的工艺原理流程图。 关键词：原油；常压蒸馏；加热炉； The Design of 1.5Mt/a Atmospheric Distillation Unit of Qinghai mixed Crude Abstract：Mixed crude oil of Qinghai mixed was intermediate crude oil with lower sulfur content . The processing scheme and cutting scheme of the crude was proposed on the basis of its characteristic and the data of the homogeneous unit.In order to made the most use of petroleum resources and combined the market needs of the fuel in our country, it was determined that the set was the type of fuel-lubrication. The atmospheric distillation tower adopted the schemeof lubricants and forerunning adopted flash tower. The atmospheric distillation tower was setted 37 layers double- flow trays with the type of F-1 valve.The adiameter of tower is 3.88m and and the distance between trays is 700mm.The tower is 28.10 m high. The top of the tower was setted cold reflux(the heat exchange rate was 50%) and the both sides of the tower was setted the two intermediate circulating reflux( heat exchange rates were each 20% and 30%).The side-drawand the bottom of the tower were stripped by hyperthermia aqueous vapour. The results showed the scheme is reasonable. The furnace was vertical cylindrical type heater.The temperature of the flue gas vented from the convection chamber is 188 ℃.. Furnace efficiency is 89.2%.The process flowchart of the unit was drawn by use of the AutoCAD software. Keywords：Qinghai mixed rude; Atmospheric distillation; Furnace; Technology calculation 目 录 1 1.1 设计依据 1 1.2 设计能力 1 1.3 装置特点 1 1.4 工艺流程简述 1 1.5 原油蒸馏概况及国内外研究现状 1 2 青海混合原油物性及评价 3 2.1 青海混合原油的一般性质 3 2.2 　混合原油实沸点蒸馏及窄馏分性 3 2.3 　混合原油各馏分收率和性质 5 3 原油加工方案和切割方案 10 3.1 原油加工方案 10 3.2 原油切割方案 11 4 基础数据的计算 12 4.1 蒸馏数据的相互转化 12 4.2 平均沸点的计算 14 4.3 相对密度和比重指数的计算 14 4.4 分子量和特性因数的计算 14 4.5 临界性质的计算 15 4.6 焦点性质的计算 15 4.7 油品性质参数计算结果汇总 15 5 闪蒸塔的工艺设计计算 17 5.1 闪蒸塔的操作条件的确定 17 5.2 闪顶、闪底油性质的计算 17 5.3 闪蒸塔的物料平衡 18 5.