小麦-冰草多粒新种质的抗白粉病和高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成分析.pdfVIP

植物遗传资源学报2013,14(1):　 -　 Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 小麦 -冰草多粒新种质的抗白粉病和高分子 量麦谷蛋白亚基组成分析 韩海明,白　 丽,刘伟华,杨欣明,高爱农,李秀全,李立会 (中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/ 国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程,北京 100081) 　 　 摘要:穗粒数是决定小麦产量的三因素之一,因此通过远缘杂交创造多粒新种质,对于拓宽小麦育种的遗传基础和促进 育种水平的持续提高具有重要意义。 本研究以通过多年多点鉴定证明具有多粒特性(粒数/ 穗>80)的31份普通小麦-冰草 (Agropyron cristatum,2n =4x =28,PPPP)衍生后代为材料,通过田间接种白粉病生理小种 E09 进行抗病性鉴定、采用SDS- PAGE方法进行高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成分析以及株高、有效分蘖等农艺性状调查,发现26份材料表现抗白粉 病,12份材料具有优质高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组合,亚基组成为(2 *,7 +8,5 +10)或(1,7 +8,5 +10)。 其中,8份材料的穗 粒数大于80粒、株高小于75 cm、抗白粉病且具有优质高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组合,这为未来培育兼具高产、优质、抗白粉病 小麦新品种提供了重要的物质基础。 此外,对多粒、抗白粉病和优质亚基的可能来源进行了讨论。 　 　 关键词:小麦-冰草;创新种质;多粒;抗白粉病;高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS) Powdery Mildew Resistance and HMW-GS Composition Analysis of Novel Wheat-Agropyron cristatum Germplasm Possessing Large Kernel Number HAN Hai-ming,BAI Li,LIU Wei-hua,YANG Xin-ming,GAO Ai-nong,LI Xiu-quan,LI Li-hui (NationalKey Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/ Institute of Crop Sciences,ChineseAcademy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081) Abstract:Grain number per spike is one of the three main factors determining crop yield,so producing novel germplasm with large kernel number through distant hybridization has important significancefor broadening the ge- netic basic and improving the breeding level continuously.Thirty one of Wheat-Agropyron cristatum derivative lines chosed in the study have the characteristic of large grain number,which were verified by multi-places and multi- years test.The evaluation of the powdery mildew resistance through inoculating the popular physiological race E09, the HMW-GS compositionanalysisby SDS,andtheinvestigationof agronomictraitswerecarriedout.There- sults showed that26 lineshad powdery mildew resistance,and 12 lineshad the desirable subunitscompositions (2 *