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Formation of the Long Range Dpp Morphogen Gradient.pdf
Formation of the Long Range Dpp Morphogen Gradient
1 2,3 1 1 2,3
Gerald Schwank , Sascha Dalessi , Schu-Fee Yang , Ryohei Yagi , Aitana Morton de Lachapelle ,
4 2,3 1
Markus Affolter , Sven Bergmann , Konrad Basler *
1 Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 2 Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3 Swiss
¨
Institute of Bioinformatics, Switzerland, 4 Biozentrum der Universitat Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Abstract
The TGF- b homolog Decapentaplegic (Dpp) acts as a secreted morphogen in the Drosophila wing disc, and spreads through
the target tissue in order to form a long range concentration gradient. Despite extensive studies, the mechanism by which
the Dpp gradient is formed remains controversial. Two opposing mechanisms have been proposed: receptor-mediated
transcytosis (RMT) and restricted extracellular diffusion (RED). In these scenarios the receptor for Dpp plays different roles. In
the RMT model it is essential for endocytosis, re-secretion, and thus transport of Dpp, whereas in the RED model it merely
modulates Dpp distribution by binding it at the cell surface for internalization and subsequent degradation. Here we
analyzed the effect of receptor mutant clones on the Dpp profile in quantitative mathematical models representing
transport by either RMT or RED. We then, using novel genetic tools, experimentally monitored the actual Dpp gradient in
wing discs containing recepto
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