沥青层钻井液柱压力关键影响因素及其控制技术.pdfVIP

科技导报2014，32（3） 沥青层钻井液柱压力关键影响因素沥青层钻井液柱压力关键影响因素 及控制技术及控制技术 1,2 1 2 1 任立伟 ，夏柏如 ，毛迪 ，郭元恒 1. 中国地质大学（北京）工程技术学院，北京 100083 2. 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司，北京 100101 摘要摘要 沥青层安全钻井问题困扰Y油田的开发，微小的钻井液柱压力波动即可引起沥青流动侵入井内而发生复杂事故或弃井。 分析表明，污染后钻井液性能恶化快、沥青易黏附固相颗粒、高温可流动性好、钻井液与沥青的置换型漏失等造成钻井液柱压力 难以控制，进而造成沥青侵入速度与程度得不到有效控制。室内和现场试验表明，保持钻井液膨润土含量1%、随钻堵漏材料含 量8%左右有利于钻进时钻井液柱压力控制；稠化封堵技术可减慢停止循环时的沥青侵入速度；控压钻井（MPD）技术可有效调控 井筒液柱压力，以较低钻井液密度钻穿沥青层，降低沥青与钻井液置换量、侵入速度与程度到可控水平。 关键词关键词 液柱压力；沥青；膨润土含量；控压钻井；稠化封堵 中图分类号中图分类号 TE254 文献标志码文献标志码 A doidoi 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.03.003 KeyInfluencingFactorsandControlTechnologyofDrillingFluid PressureintheBitumenZone 1,2 1 2 1 RENLiwei ,XIABairu,MAODi,GUOYuanheng 1.CollegeofEngineeringandTechnology,ChinaUniversityofGeosciences,Beijing 100083,China 2.SinopecOilfieldServiceCorporation, Beijing 100101,China AbstractAbstract TheexplorationofYoilfieldseriouslysufferedfromsafetyproblemsinthebitumenzone.Slightfluctuationoflowdrilling fluid pressure may trigger the mobilization and invasion of near-wellbore bitumen, which may lead to complex accidents or well abandonment. Analysis indicated that it is hard to control the drilling fluid pressure because properties of bitumen-contaminated drilling fluid quickly got worse. Bitumen has good liquidity at high temperature and adhered solid particles easily. Even worse, displacementlossofdrillingfluidandbitumenacceleratedinvasionofbitumen.Thus,thedegreeandspeedofbitumeninvasiongot outofhand.Testresultsinlabandfieldshowedthat,inordertocontroldrillingfluidpressure,thecontentsofbentoniteandplugging materialsatabout 1%and 8%respectivelyindrillingfluidarecrucialwhiledrilling.Meanwhile,invasionspeedofbitumencanbe reducedbythickeningandpluggingtechnologyduringcirculationstop.Themanagedpressuredrilling(MPD)technologycanbeused toeffectivelycontrolwellboredrillingfluidpressureanddrillthroug