非盟解决非洲地区冲突研析.docVIP

摘　　要　 非盟是全非最大的地区性国际组织，它的宗旨和目标就是要维护地区和平与 稳定，促进经济与一体化进程的发展。虽然当前非洲地区的政治局势总体上处于 缓和状态，但局部冲突依然不断， 已成为非洲经济与社会发展的最大障碍。非盟 成立后，继承其前身非统组织解决 非洲冲突、维护非洲和平的历史使命，而《联 合国宪章》和《非洲联盟宪章》中的相关规定又为非盟上述任务提供了法理依据。 非盟自成立以来，在非统组织解决冲突机制的基础上，借鉴联合国安理会的 相关经验，进一步完善了这一机制。非盟和平与安全理事会的成立，标志着非盟 解决冲突的机制进一步完善 。它更加明确了非盟在解决地区冲突中的职责，并赋 予其更大的权力。此外，非盟在解决冲突的实践中也更加积极主动，成功控制和 解决了一系列的地区冲突。其中， 非盟参与苏丹达尔富危机的解决可以说是一个 典型。 虽然非洲一系列地区冲突得到了控制和解决，政治经济形势日趋好转，国际 社会对非盟 解决冲突的行动 也给予了一定的支持，但非洲地区的安全形势并不容 乐观。由于非洲地区冲突的根源并未消除、地区一体化进程发展缓慢以及非盟自 身财政困难等因素 的制约，非盟解决地区 冲突还面临着许多挑战。非盟要 加强自 身解决冲突的能力，并积极争取国际社会的支持，特别是 要处理好与联合国的关 系。 关键词：非盟　　和平与安全理事会　　非洲　　冲突　　达尔富尔　 I Abstract African Union, as the biggest regional international organization in Africa, its aim and target focus on maintaining the regional peace and stability, and promoting the development of regional economy and the process of regional integration. At present, although the regional situation in Africa is in alleviation as a whole, conflicts in some parts of the region are still taking place. This has become one of the biggest obstacle s in the process of African countries’ economic and social development. After it was established, African Union inherits the historical mission of its precursor, the African Unity Organization, including: to solve the African conflicts, and to keep the African peace. Moreover, some related provisions in United Nations Charter and African Union Charter provided the necessary legal basis for all these. Based on the conflicts-resolving mechanism of African Unity Organization, since it was founded, African Union has/improved the mechanism through drawing some lessons from the operation of UN Security Council. The foundation of the African Union Peace and Security Council symbolized the further improvement of the African Union conflicts-resolving mechanism. On one hand, It made the responsibility of the African Union in the regional conflicts-resolving clearer, and gave the latter greater power. On the other hand, the African Union became increasingly acti