毕业论文（参考）可变电荷土壤对重金属的吸附研究.doc

摘 要 近代工农业的发展，天然水环境的污染日益严重。作为水体中的主要污染物之一，重金属越来越受到人们的普遍关注。不可降解性、迁移性小以及易土壤中富集等特点，经水、植物等介质最终影响人类健康。 （5）热力学：随着温度升高，吸附量增大，可能原因是吸附是一个吸热过程。Langmuir模型在描述可变电荷土壤对铜离子的吸附行为上要优于Freundlich模型。 （6）动力学：可变电荷土壤对重金属的吸附速度很快，在2.0h左右吸附基本达到平衡。可变电荷土壤吸附铜离子的动力学原理符合假二次动力学模型。 关键词：可变电荷土壤；铜离子；吸附 Abstract With the development of modern industry and agriculture, the pollution of water environment becomes worse. People pay more attention to heavy metals, which is the one of the main pollutants. With the characteristics of non-degradation, little mobility and easy to enrichment in soil, heavy metals will ultimately affect human health though water, plants and other media. This paper mainly studies the variable charge soils’ single-phase adsorption of heavy metals and the affecting factors. Cu2+ as the target pollutant, this experiment changes the environmental factors such as temperature, pH, ionic strength and so on, to determine which is the best condition for the variable charge soils adsorbing Cu2+. Through the Zeta potential analyzer, we monitor the surface charge of variable charge soils to explore the adsorption mechanism. In this paper, (1) pH: the adsorption rate of variable charge soils adsorbing Cu2+ is essentially proportional to the pH value, but when the pH increases to a certain value, the adsorption rate of growth becomes small. (2) Ionic strength: with the increase of ionic strength, the effect on Cu2+ adsorption by variable charge soils significantly reduces. (3) Organic acid: the effect of tartaric acid for Cu2+ adsorption by variable charge soils is the best, followed by oxalic acid and the control group; the adsorption rate of Cu2+ increases with the dosage increasing; but as the dosage increased, the growth rate significantly becomes small. (4) Heavy metals: The presence of heavy metals inhibit the adsorption of Cu2+ by variable charge soils, the effect on Cu2+’s adsorption by variable charge soils: Cd2+ Hg2+. (5) Thermodynamics: as the temperature increases, the adsorption ca