explaining η2 单因素方差分析.pptVIP

Results For males, 9th and 10th graders spent more time on watching TV on average school day than 11th and 12th graders did. For females, the pattern was different. There was no difference found in sedentary behavior between 10th and 12th graders. Those results, collectively, produced the significant interaction effect. * Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., Guarino, A. J. (2006). Applied multivariate research: design and interpretation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. * * By Hui Bian Office for Faculty Excellence * One-way ANOVA with SPSS Two-way Factorial ANOVA with SPSS How to interpret SPSS outputs How to report results * We use 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS, CDC) as an example. YRBSS monitors priority health-risk behaviors and the prevalence of obesity and asthma among youth and young adults. The target population is high school students Multiple health behaviors include drinking, smoking, exercise, eating habits, etc. * ANOVA means Analysis of Variance ANOVA: compare means of two or more levels of the independent variable One independent variable One dependent variable The basic test uses F distribution Comparing means is a special case of a regression analysis * The partitioning of the total sum of squares of deviations * Total sum of Squares of deviations of DV Independent variable 1 Independent variable 2 Independent variable 3 Error Research design Between-subjects design*: different individuals are assigned to different groups (level of independent variable). Within-subjects design: all the participants are exposed to several conditions. * This presentation only focuses on between-subject design. * Data considerations Independent variable (factor variable) is categorical. Dependent variable should be quantitative (interval level of measurement). Assumptions Independent: each group is an independent random sample from a normal population. Normality: analysis of variance is robust to departures from no